Table 3.
Frequency of consumption of 18 food groups differentiated by age groups of the participants
| Food group | Age groups | p** | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6–9 years N = 867 | ||||||||
| Never | 1–2 times a month | 1–2 times a week | 3–4 times a week | 5–6 times a week | Everyday, once a day | Everyday, several times a day | ||
| n (%) | ||||||||
| Vegetables | 4 (0.5) | 19 (2.2) | 88 (10.1) | 134 (15.5) | 98 (11.3) | 286 (33.0) | 238 (27.5) | 0.001* |
| Fruit | 3 (0.3) | 7 (0.8) | 56 (6.5) | 99 (11.4) | 109 (12.6) | 318 (36.7) | 275 (31.7) | < 0.001* |
| Potatoes | 8 (0.9) | 38 (4.4) | 250 (28.8) | 384 (44.3) | 99 (11.4) | 73 (8.4) | 15 (1.7) | 0.454 |
| Milk and dairy products | 18 (2.1) | 25 (2.9) | 70 (8.1) | 144 (16.6) | 125 (14.4) | 282 (32.5) | 203 (23.4) | 0.113 |
| Whole-grain cereals | 49 (5.7) | 89 (10.3) | 246 (28.4) | 183 (21.1) | 91 (10.5) | 129 (14.9) | 80 (9.2) | 0.289 |
| Refined-grain cereal products | 11 (1.3) | 61 (7.0) | 188 (21.7) | 221 (25.5) | 105 (12.1) | 195 (22.5) | 86 (9.9) | 0.450 |
| Fish | 65 (7.5) | 315 (36.3) | 429 (49.5) | 47 (5.4) | 7 (0.8) | 3 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 0.019* |
| Poultry | 12 (1.4) | 48 (5.5) | 403 (46.5) | 312 (36.0) | 67 (7.7) | 21 (2.4) | 4 (0.5) | 0.653 |
| Red meat | 57 (6.6) | 256 (29.5) | 433 (49.9) | 93 (10.7) | 17 (2.0) | 8 (0.9) | 3 (0.3) | 0.072 |
| Charcuterie | 27 (3.1) | 83 (9.6) | 264 (30.4) | 245 (28.3) | 123 (14.2) | 97 (11.2) | 28 (3.2) | 0.202 |
| Eggs | 34 (3.9) | 81 (9.3) | 445 (51.3) | 223 (25.7) | 67 (7.7) | 14 (1.6) | 3 (0.3) | 0.533 |
| Sweets | 3 (0.3) | 35 (4.0) | 252 (29.1) | 235 (27.1) | 125 (14.4) | 182 (21.0) | 35 (4.0) | 0.109 |
| Salty snacks | 122 (14.1) | 439 (50.6) | 228 (26.3) | 48 (5.5) | 15 (1.7) | 11 (1.3) | 4 (0.5) | < 0.001* |
| Coca-Cola and SSB | 454 (52.4) | 316 (36.4) | 79 (9.1) | 8 (0.9) | 6 (0.7) | 2 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | < 0.001* |
| Fruit juices | 23 (2.7) | 164 (18.9) | 222 (25.6) | 196 (22.6) | 100 (11.5) | 96 (11.1) | 66 (7.6) | 0.383 |
| Fruit-flavored drinks | 244 (28.1) | 236 (27.2) | 152 (17.5) | 88 (10.1) | 51 (5.9) | 56 (6.5) | 40 (4.6) | < 0.001* |
| Mineral water | 6 (0.7) | 13 (1.5) | 44 (5.1) | 47 (5.4) | 53 (6.1) | 162 (18.7) | 542 (62.5) | 0.431 |
| Fast-food | 134 (15.5) | 659 (76.0) | 64 (7.4) | 4 (0.5) | 5 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | < 0.001* |
| Food group | Age groups | p** | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10–12 years N = 954 | ||||||||
| Never | 1–2 times a month | 1–2 times a week | 3–4 times a week | 5–6 times a week | Everyday, once a day | Everyday, several times a day | ||
| n (%) | ||||||||
| Vegetables | 10 (1.0) | 16 (1.7) | 109 (11.4) | 160 (16.8) | 143 (15.0) | 277 (29.0) | 239 (25.1) | 0.001* |
| Fruit | 8 (0.8) | 12 (1.3) | 71 (7.4) | 148 (15.5) | 145 (15.2) | 306 (32.1) | 264 (27.7) | < 0.001* |
| Potatoes | 4 (0.4) | 63 (6.6) | 280 (29.4) | 388 (40.7) | 137 (14.4) | 69 (7.2) | 13 (1.4) | 0.454 |
| Milk and dairy products | 22 (2.3) | 19 (2.0) | 89 (9.3) | 162 (17.0) | 149 (15.6) | 313 (32.8) | 200 (21.0) | 0.113 |
| Whole-grain cereals | 59 (6.2) | 139 (14.6) | 226 (23.7) | 201 (21.1) | 110 (11.5) | 131 (13.7) | 88 (9.2) | 0.289 |
| Refined-grain cereal products | 15 (1.6) | 74 (7.8) | 201 (21.1) | 238 (24.9) | 153 (16.0) | 202 (21.2) | 71 (7.4) | 0.450 |
| Fish | 89 (9.3) | 371 (38.9) | 420 (44.0) | 62 (6.5) | 7 (0.7) | 3 (0.3) | 2 (0.2) | 0.019* |
| Poultry | 12 (1.3) | 58 (6.1) | 412 (43.2) | 364 (38.2) | 90 (9.4) | 17 (1.8) | 1 (0.1) | 0.653 |
| Red meat | 72 (7.5) | 305 (32.0) | 413 (43.3) | 138 (14.5) | 20 (2.1) | 3 (0.3) | 3 (0.3) | 0.072 |
| Charcuterie | 39 (4.1) | 119 (12.5) | 250 (26.2) | 267 (28.0) | 152 (15.9) | 101 (10.6) | 26 (2.7) | 0.202 |
| Eggs | 43 (4.5) | 97 (10.2) | 441 (46.2) | 264 (27.7) | 78 (8.2) | 26 (2.7) | 5 (0.5) | 0.533 |
| Sweets | 10 (1.0) | 64 (6.7) | 214 (22.4) | 232 (24.3) | 148 (15.5) | 220 (23.1) | 66 (6.9) | 0.109 |
| Salty snacks | 107 (11.2) | 438 (45.9) | 256 (26.8) | 100 (10.5) | 29 (3.0) | 19 (2.0) | 5 (0.5) | < 0.001* |
| Coca-Cola and SSB | 303 (31.8) | 474 (49.7) | 127 (13.3) | 36 (3.8) | 5 (0.5) | 5 (0.5) | 4 (0.4) | < 0.001* |
| Fruit juices | 27 (2.8) | 183 (19.2) | 262 (27.5) | 198 (20.8) | 113 (11.8) | 116 (12.2) | 55 (5.8) | 0.383 |
| Fruit-flavored drinks | 237 (24.8) | 280 (29.4) | 163 (17.1) | 98 (10.3) | 60 (6.3) | 76 (8.0) | 40 (4.2) | < 0.001* |
| Mineral water | 8 (0.8) | 24 (2.5) | 44 (4.6) | 42 (4.4) | 65 (6.8) | 181 (19.0) | 590 (61.8) | 0.431 |
| Fast-food | 123 (12.9) | 718 (75.3) | 97 (10.2) | 10 (1.0) | 2 (0.2) | 3 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | < 0.001* |
| Food group | Age groups | p** | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13–17 years N = 1092 | ||||||||
| Never | 1–2 times a month | 1–2 times a week | 3–4 times a week | 5–6 times a week | Everyday, once a day | Everyday, several times a day | ||
| n (%) | ||||||||
| Vegetables | 11 (1.0) | 39 (3.6) | 133 (12.2) | 183 (16.8) | 149 (13.6) | 337 (30.9) | 240 (22.0) | 0.001* |
| Fruit | 7 (0.6) | 15 (1.4) | 111 (10.2) | 230 (21.1) | 150 (13.7) | 327 (29.9) | 252 (23.1) | < 0.001* |
| Potatoes | 16 (1.5) | 82 (7.5) | 330 (30.2) | 400 (36.6) | 137 (12.5) | 104 (9.5) | 23 (2.1) | 0.454 |
| Milk and dairy products | 25 (2.3) | 34 (3.1) | 91 (8.3) | 195 (17.9) | 179 (16.4) | 364 (33.3) | 204 (18.7) | 0.113 |
| Whole-grain cereals | 56 (5.1) | 167 (15.3) | 245 (22.4) | 207 (19.0) | 108 (9.9) | 192 (17.6) | 117 (10.7) | 0.289 |
| Refined-grain cereal products | 41 (3.8) | 104 (9.5) | 220 (20.1) | 232 (21.2) | 155 (14.2) | 222 (20.3) | 118 (10.8) | 0.450 |
| Fish | 119 (10.9) | 430 (39.4) | 467 (42.8) | 54 (4.9) | 10 (0.9) | 11 (1.0) | 1 (0.1) | 0.019* |
| Poultry | 44 (4.0) | 65 (6.0) | 443 (40.6) | 411 (37.6) | 88 (8.1) | 35 (3.2) | 6 (0.5) | 0.653 |
| Red meat | 121 (11.1) | 326 (29.9) | 488 (44.7) | 127 (11.6) | 16 (1.5) | 9 (0.8) | 5 (0.5) | 0.072 |
| Charcuterie | 96 (8.8) | 120 (11.0) | 290 (26.6) | 258 (23.6) | 156 (14.3) | 136 (12.5) | 36 (3.3) | 0.202 |
| Eggs | 33 (3.0) | 115 (10.5) | 541 (49.5) | 267 (24.5) | 88 (8.1) | 36 (3.3) | 12 (1.1) | 0.533 |
| Sweets | 22 (2.0) | 85 (7.8) | 249 (22.8) | 269 (24.6) | 156 (14.3) | 220 (20.1) | 91 (8.3) | 0.109 |
| Salty snacks | 88 (8.1) | 435 (39.8) | 335 (30.7) | 142 (13.0) | 36 (3.3) | 37 (3.4) | 19 (1.7) | < 0.001* |
| Coca-Cola and SSB | 251 (23.0) | 442 (40.5) | 235 (21.5) | 85 (7.8) | 32 (2.9) | 30 (2.7) | 17 (1.6) | < 0.001* |
| Fruit juices | 49 (4.5) | 177 (16.2) | 258 (23.6) | 263 (24.1) | 152 (13.9) | 118 (10.8) | 75 (6.9) | 0.383 |
| Fruit-flavored drinks | 235 (21.5) | 288 (26.4) | 201 (18.4) | 151 (13.8) | 73 (6.7) | 80 (7.3) | 64 (5.9) | < 0.001* |
| Mineral water | 15 (1.4) | 27 (2.5) | 52 (4.8) | 66 (6.0) | 83 (7.6) | 186 (17.0) | 663 (60.7) | 0.431 |
| Fast-food | 123 (11.3) | 748 (68.5) | 178 (16.3) | 33 (3.0) | 3 (0.3) | 5 (0.5) | 2 (0.2) | < 0.001* |
*Statistically significant differences between groups (p ≤ 0.05); **Kruskal–Wallis test, post hoc analysis