Table 1.
Cohort Characteristics at the Time of First Limb-Procedure Over the Study Period (1990–2009)
| 1990–94 (n=176) |
1995–99 (n=192) |
2000–04 (n=194) |
2005–09 (n=211) |
Trend P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), years | 70.0 (13.1) | 69.6 (13.0) | 67.4 (13.8) | 67.8 (12.4) | .08 |
| Male gender, no. (%)a | 101 (57.4) | 114 (59.4) | 109 (56.2) | 128 (60.7) | .60 |
| Non-Caucasian race/ethnicity, no. (%)a | 2 (1.1) | 5 (2.6) | 8 (4.1) | 12 (5.7) | .005 |
| Height, mean (SD), cm | 166.9 (9.6) | 167.1 (9.9) | 169.0 (10.7) | 169.4 (10.2) | .002 |
| Weight, mean (SD), kg | 74.1 (18.8) | 74.8 (19.3) | 77.7 (19.6) | 82.1 (21.4) | <.001 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 26.5 (5.7) | 26.6 (5.8) | 27.0 (5.8) | 28.4 (6.2) | <.001 |
| Smoking, no. (%)a | .04 | ||||
| Never | 43 (24.4) | 44 (22.9) | 40 (20.6) | 31 (14.7) | |
| Former | 76 (43.2) | 81 (42.2) | 83 (42.8) | 98 (46.4) | |
| Current | 57 (32.4) | 67 (34.9) | 71 (36.6) | 82 (38.9) | |
| Creatinine, mean (SD), mg/dLb | 1.3 (0.8) | 1.6 (1.4) | 1.5 (1.1) | 1.3 (1.2) | .73 |
| Hematocrit <30%, no. (%)a | 20 (11.4) | 29 (15.1) | 17 (8.8) | 21 (10.0) | .35 |
| Prevent III score, mean (SD) | 3.2 (2.3) | 3.4 (2.4) | 3.0 (2.5) | 2.6 (2.3) | .009 |
| Prior coronary intervention, no. (%)a | 29 (16.5) | 43 (22.4) | 54 (27.8) | 62 (29.4) | <.001 |
| Functioning kidney transplant, no. (%)a | 4 (2.3) | 3 (1.6) | 9 (4.6) | 4 (1.9) | .69 |
| Comorbidities, no. (%)a | |||||
| Dyslipidemia | 56 (31.8) | 85 (44.3) | 128 (66.0) | 166 (78.7) | <.001 |
| Hypertension | 112 (63.6) | 144 (75.0) | 159 (82.0) | 183 (86.7) | <.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 84 (47.7) | 91 (47.4) | 76 (39.2) | 84 (39.8) | .16 |
| Coronary artery disease | 76 (43.2) | 95 (49.5) | 94 (48.5) | 104 (49.3) | .18 |
| Congestive heart failure | 33 (18.8) | 39 (20.3) | 26 (13.4) | 32 (15.2) | .27 |
| Stroke/TIA/amaurosis | 46 (26.1) | 54 (28.1) | 38 (19.6) | 41 (19.4) | .04 |
| COPD | 33 (18.8) | 46 (24.0) | 41 (21.1) | 42 (19.9) | .69 |
| End-stage renal disease | 4 (2.3) | 11 (5.7) | 9 (4.6) | 10 (4.7) | .42 |
BMI = body mass index; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; TIA = transient ischemic attack.
a
Percentages have been rounded and may not total 100.
b
To convert serum creatinine to μmol/L, multiply values by 88.4.