Table 3.

Association between blood lead levels (μg/dl) and systolic pressure, stratified by sex and race.

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)
Per 1 μg/dL BLL increase	1.77 (1.65, 1.89)***	0.26 (0.14, 0.37)***	0.30 (0.19, 0.42)***
Stratified by sex and race
Men
Mexican American	0.35 (0.09, 0.60)**	0.05 (−0.18, 0.28)	0.10 (−0.13, 0.34)
Other hispanic	0.36 (−0.04, 0.76)	0.06 (−0.32, 0.43)	0.07 (−0.31, 0.45)
Non-hispanic white	1.23 (1.01, 1.45)***	0.39 (0.18, 0.60)***	0.44 (0.22, 0.66)***
Non-hispanic black	1.21 (0.93, 1.50)***	0.36 (0.08, 0.65)*	0.37 (0.07, 0.67)*
Other Race	1.01 (0.45, 1.56)***	0.24 (−0.28, 0.76)	0.49 (−0.04, 1.03)
Women
Mexican American	1.67 (1.16, 2.18)***	0.11 (−0.30, 0.53)	0.14 (−0.28, 0.57)
Other hispanic	4.04 (2.89, 5.19)***	0.97 (−0.01, 1.95)	0.84 (−0.15, 1.83)
Non-hispanic white	5.24 (4.81, 5.67)***	0.25 (−0.15, 0.66)	0.63 (0.22, 1.04)**
Non-hispanic black	3.71 (3.19, 4.23)***	0.96 (0.46, 1.46)***	0.99 (0.48, 1.50)***
Other race	3.27 (2.31, 4.24)***	0.25 (−0.60, 1.10)	0.49 (−0.35, 1.34)

Model 1: no covariates were adjusted.

Model 2: age were adjusted.

Model 3: age, education level, rate of family income to poverty, BMI, alcohol use, and smoking behavior were adjusted.

BLL, Blood lead levels.

^*p <0.05, ^**p <0.01, ^***p <0.001.