Progress in recent studies in the fabrication of hydrophilic PES/CNTs nanocomposite membranes.

Additive	Treatment	Filler loadings (wt%)	Hydrophilic change (°)	Ref.
CNTs (20 nm)	—	0.1	∼63 to ∼55	172
CNTs (40 nm)	—	0.1	∼63 to 56	172
Carboxyl-functionalized SWCNT	—	0.025	∼70 to ∼62	173
PCA-functionalized MWCNT	In situ polymerization reaction	0.1	75 to 49	174
PAA-functionalized MWCNT	In situ polymerization reaction	0.1	75 to ∼58	174
SiO2	—	3	67 to ∼55	175
Polyacrylamide-functionalized MWCNT	In situ polymerization reaction	0.1	75 to ∼63	174
MWCNT	—	0.1	75 to 65	174
NH2-MWCNTs	Covalent-functionalization	0.045	∼65 to ∼56	176
PCL modified MWCNTs	With Sn(Oct)2	3	∼67 to 57	177
Amine-functionalized MWCNTs	Strong acids (H2SO4/HNO3) and 1,3-phenylenediamine	1	69 to ∼52	1
MWCNT-OH	—	0.8	∼77 to ∼74	178
MWCNT-COOH	—	0.8	∼77 to 59	178
Acid-oxidized MWCNTs	HNO3/H2SO4	0.04	66 to 63	179
MWCNTs	HNO3/H2SO4	2	∼71 to ∼60	168
MWCNTs	—	2	∼65 to ∼47	180
Acid-functionalized MWCNT	PVP	0.1	∼88 to 52	181
Functionalized MWCNT	Non-covalent modification with SLS	2	∼79 to 51	182
Acid-oxidized MWCNTs coated by anatase TiO2	Precipitation of TiCl4 precursor	0.1	66 to ∼63	183
ZnO coated MWCNTs	Coating	0.5	68 to 57	184
PAA grafted MWCNTs	In situ polymerization of AA in aqueous solution in the presence of KPS as initiator and EG as cross-linker	0.1	∼73 to ∼57	185
Ag-coated MWCNTs	Ag	0.9	64 to 51	186
MWCNTs-PANI	In situ polymerization in the presence of aniline and APS	2	73 to ∼53	187
Fe–Ag/functionalized MWCNT	Acid and then Fe and Ag NPs	1	75 to ∼44	188
TETA-MWCNTs	—	0.4	∼68 to 60	189
Acid-functionalized MWCNTs	HNO3 and H2SO4	0.5	∼70 to ∼57	190