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. 2022 Apr 25;9:792622. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.792622

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Copyright © 2022 Sabatino, Leo, Strangio, Bella, Borrelli, Avesani, Josen, Paredes, Piccinelli, Sirico, Pergola, Fraisse, De Rosa, Indolfi and Di Salvo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Representative schema of myocardial work calculation with reference cut-off values for age subgroups. LV global longitudinal strain measurement combined with the non-invasive blood pressure systolic and diastolic values, obtained by a brachial-cuff aneroid sphygmomanometer, is plugged into dedicated software. The time of opening and closure of the aortic and mitral valve is identified by the operator. Then, a trace showing the LV pressure-strain loop and a 17-segment bull's-eye of the MW index is calculated. At the bottom, the table resumes the normal reference ranges for each myocardial work parameter in the overall population and for each age group. GLS, global longitudinal strain; AVC, aortic valve closure; AVO, aortic valve opening; MVC, mitral valve closure; MWO, mitral valve opening; LV, left ventricular; MW, myocardial work.