Table 1.
Patients' demographics and characteristics.
| No infection | Non-Cerebral infection | VRI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALL | n = 85 | n = 97 | n = 81 | |
| Age [years] | 60 ± 14.9 | 61 ± 12.3 | 56 ± 12.9 | |
| Gender (Male) | 39 (45.9) | 45 (46.4) | 36 (44.4) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 0 [0, 1.5] | 0 [0, 1] | 0 [0, 1] | |
| Type of hemorrhage a | SAH | 52 (61.2) | 67 (69.1) | 68 (84.0) |
| ICH | 33 (38.8) | 30 (30.9) | 13 (16.0) | |
| Initial GCS ≤ 8 | 35 (41.2) | 53 (54.6) | 37 (45.7) | |
| Ventricular extension | 48 (56.5) | 60 (61.9) | 46 (56.8) | |
| EVD days in situ [d] a, b, c | 11 ± 7.4 | 16 ± 12.4 | 18 ± 14.7 | |
| Antibiotic treatment a, c | 49 (57.6) | 96 (99.0) | 56 (69.1) | |
| NCCU length of stay [d] a, b, c | 17 ± 11.3 | 23 ± 11.5 | 24 ± 13.0 | |
| Hospital length of stay [d] b | 25 ± 13.9 | 30 ± 16.3 | 33 ± 17.4 | |
| SAH | n = 52 | n = 67 | n = 68 | |
| Age [years] | 60 ± 14.1 | 61 ± 12.4 | 57 ± 13.3 | |
| Gender (Male) | 20 (38.5) | 24 (35.8) | 27 (39.7) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 0 [0, 1.75] | 0 [0, 1] | 0 [0, 1] | |
| Fisher grade | 1 | 1 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) |
| 2 | 2 (3.8) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.4) | |
| 3 | 21 (40.4) | 27 (40.3) | 32 (47.1) | |
| 4 | 28 (53.8) | 36 (53.7) | 32 (47.1) | |
| WFNS grade | 1 | 4 (7.7) | 10 (14.9) | 21 (30.9) |
| 2 | 14 (26.9) | 10 (14.9) | 10 (14.7) | |
| 3 | 2 (3.8) | 4 (6.0) | 2 (2.9) | |
| 4 | 17 (32.7) | 17 (25.4) | 18 (26.5) | |
| 5 | 15 (28.8) | 22 (32.8) | 17 (25.0) | |
| Ventricular extension | 22 (42.3) | 35 (52.2) | 35 (51.5) | |
| EVD days in situ [d] a | 13 ± 7.8 | 17 ± 7.3 | 18 ± 15.4 | |
| Antibiotic treatment a, c | 28 (53.8) | 67 (100) | 47 (69.1) | |
| NCCU length of stay [d] | 20 ± 12.1 | 24 ± 12.0 | 24 ± 13.1 | |
| Hospital length of stay [d] | 27 ± 13.9 | 32 ± 17.7 | 32 ± 17.1 | |
| ICH | n = 33 | n = 30 | n = 13 | |
| Age [years] | 61 ± 16.2 | 58 ± 11.9 | 53 ± 10.9 | |
| Gender (Male) | 19 (57.6) | 21 (70.0) | 9 (69.2) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 0 [0, 1.5] | 0 [0, 1] | 0 [0, 1.5] | |
| Initial GCS ≤ 8 | 15 (45.5) | 18 (60.0) | 9 (70) | |
| Ventricular extension | 26 (78.8) | 25 (83.3) | 11 (84.6) | |
| EVD days in situ [d] a, b | 8 ± 5.7 | 16 ± 19.7 | 15 ± 10.1 | |
| Antibiotic treatment a, c | 21 (63.6) | 29 (96.7) | 9 (69.2) | |
| NCCU length of stay [d] a | 22 ± 13.8 | 24 ± 10.9 | 35 ± 19.1 | |
| Hospital length of stay [d] | 22 ± 13.8 | 24 ± 10.9 | 34 ± 19.1 |
a
p-value is significant for no infection vs. non-cerebral infection,
b
p-value is significant for no infection vs. VRI,
c
p-value is significant for non-cerebral infection vs. VRI, VRI ventriculostomy-related infection; SAH, subarachnoid hemorrhage; ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; EVD, external ventricular drain; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; NCCU, neurocritical care unit.