Table 4.
Associated Factors with Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Patients with IBD
| Factor | CAM service |
CAM product |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
|||||||
| User (n=78) | Nonuser (n=827) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | User (n=269) | Nonuser (n=636) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Age at enrollment (yr) | 39.54 ± 13.43 | 41.09 ± 14.74 | 0.370 | 39.39 ± 13.97 | 41.62 ± 14.87 | 0.035 | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.321 | ||
| Disease duration (yr) | 7.34 ± 5.86 | 7.29 ± 6.94 | 0.955 | 6.65 ± 6.33 | 7.57 ± 7.10 | 0.068 | ||||
| Male sex | 46 (59.0) | 495 (59.9) | 0.904 | 158 (58.7) | 383 (60.3) | 0.657 | ||||
| Comorbidities | 25 (32.1) | 254 (30.7) | 0.799 | 67 (24.9) | 212 (33.3) | 0.012 | 0.91 (0.64–1.29) | 0.578 | ||
| Disease | 0.808 | 0.940 | ||||||||
| CD | 31 (39.7) | 314 (38) | 103 (38.3) | 242 (38.1) | ||||||
| UC | 47 (60.3) | 513 (62) | 166 (61.7) | 394 (61.9) | ||||||
| Countries | 0.040 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
| China | 20 (25.6) | 212 (25.6) | 1.35 (0.64–2.86) | 0.428 | 117 (43.5) | 115 (18.1) | 5.15 (3.10–8.58) | < 0.001 | ||
| Japan | 13 (16.7) | 242 (29.3) | 1 (reference) | 32 (11.9) | 223 (35.1) | 1 (reference) | ||||
| Korea | 45 (57.7) | 373 (45.1) | 2.31 (1.21–4.41) | 0.011 | 120 (44.6) | 298 (46.9) | 2.73 (1.77–4.22) | < 0.001 | ||
| Active disease | 29 (37.2) | 180 (21.8) | 0.003 | 2.46 (1.45–4.19) | 0.001 | 87 (32.3) | 122 (19.2) | < 0.001 | 1.45 (1.01–2.08) | 0.043 |
| Steroid | 10 (12.8) | 110 (13.3) | 0.946 | 47 (17.5) | 73 (11.5) | 0.018 | 1.27 (0.83–1.96) | 0.273 | ||
| Thiopurine | 24 (30.8) | 262 (31.7) | 0.899 | 81 (30.1) | 205 (32.3) | 0.533 | ||||
| Anti-TNFs | 29 (37.2) | 210 (25.5) | 0.031 | 1.59 (0.96–2.60) | 0.068 | 68 (25.4) | 171 (26.9) | 0.680 | ||
| Previous surgery related with IBD | 14 (18.2) | 137 (16.6) | 0.749 | 51 (19.0) | 100 (15.7) | 0.243 | ||||
| Previous admission related with IBD | 47 (61.0) | 473 (57.2) | 0.548 | 192 (71.4) | 328 (51.7) | < 0.001 | 1.28 (0.89–1.85) | 0.121 | ||
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%). Active disease was defined as Harvey-Bradshaw index ≥5 for CD and Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index ≥5 for UC.
IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; CAM, complementary and alternative medicine; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; CD, Crohn’s disease; UC, ulcerative colitis; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.