. 2022 Feb 5;44(1):129–161. doi: 10.1002/aepp.13233

TABLE 4.

Linear regression estimates for mental health and well‐being outcomes

		Mental health score			Life satisfaction score
		All	Male	Female	All	Male	Female
		(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
Personal resiliency	No worry for self	−0.569^***	−0.628^***	−0.549^***	0.375^***	0.222	0.416^***
	No worry for self	(0.123)	(0.265)	(0.140)	(0.112)	(0.255)	(0.124)
	Family health risk	0.566^***	0.708^***	0.474^***	−0.123	−0.517^**	0.028
	Family health risk	(0.129)	(0.263)	(0.147)	(0.113)	(0.238)	(0.128)
	Food insecure	0.630^***	0.365	0.710^***	−0.862^***	−0.883^***	−0.858^***
	Food insecure	(0.157)	(0.322)	(0.181)	(0.148)	(0.345)	(0.160)
	Housing insecure	0.876^***	0.624	0.929^***	−0.947^***	−0.175	−1.230^***
	Housing insecure	(0.223)	(0.443)	(0.247)	(0.183)	(0.394)	(0.197)
	Grad school	0.155	1.113^**	−0.069	0.057	−0.084	0.078
	Grad school	(0.269)	(0.550)	(0.310)	(0.240)	(0.495)	(0.273)
Environmental resilience	Felt connected	−1.393^***	−1.009^***	−1.589^***	0.525^***	0.259	0.622^***
	Felt connected	(0.121)	(0.227)	(0.144)	(0.113)	(0.229)	(0.130)
	Experienced discrimination	0.344^***	0.509^***	0.265^***	−0.218^***	−0.171	−0.230^***
	Experienced discrimination	(0.078)	(0.151)	(0.091)	(0.072)	(0.136)	(0.084)
	Online spring exp.	−0.957^***	−0.838^***	−1.000^***	0.519^***	0.678^***	0.464^***
	Online spring exp.	(0.120)	(0.235)	(0.141)	(0.104)	(0.216)	(0.122)
	Liberal leaning	1.155^***	0.243	1.405^***	−0.955^***	−1.017	−0.975^***
	Liberal leaning	(0.295)	(0.618)	(0.339)	(0.269)	(0.616)	(0.302)
Demographic characteristics	Female	1.333^***	—	—	−0.273	—	—
		1.333^***			(0.272)
		(0.291)			(0.272)
	Race—white	−0.030	1.264	−0.487	0.805	0.542	1.077^*
	Race—white	(0.536)	(0.981)	(0.642)	(0.507)	(0.957)	(0.586)
	Race—black	−1.489	0.427	−1.961^*	0.308	−0.308	0.585
	Race—black	(1.009)	(1.756)	(1.170)	(0.911)	(2.341)	(1.006)
	Race—Asian	−0.894	−0.971	−0.893	0.254	−0.277	0.639
	Race—Asian	(0.630)	(1.331)	(0.729)	(0.568)	(1.145)	(0.654)
	Race—American Indian	1.366	0.526	1.672	0.200	2.063	0.020
	Race—American Indian	(1.050)	(1.775)	(1.268)	(0.834)	(2.234)	(0.900)
	Age	−0.039	−0.029	−0.046	−0.035	−0.061	−0.034
	Age	(0.040)	(0.056)	(0.052)	(0.042)	(0.068)	(0.052)
	Hispanic	−0.182	−0.142	−0.017	0.596	−0.154	0.805^*
	Hispanic	(0.478)	(1.119)	(0.525)	(0.431)	(0.956)	(0.485)
	Living with small children	−0.235	−1.387	0.056	0.077	0.733	−0.060
	Living with small children	(0.500)	(1.026)	(0.573)	(0.501)	(0.956)	(0.588)
	Parental household income	−0.045	−0.039	−0.047	0.124^***	0.115	0.130^***
	Parental household income	(0.045)	(0.083)	(0.054)	(0.042)	(0.084)	(0.048)
	Marital status—single	0.324	0.050	0.220	−0.115	−0.584	0.344
	Marital status—single	(0.435)	(0.763)	(0.532)	(0.445)	(0.728)	(0.570)
	International student	−1.307^*	−2.265^*	−1.033	−2.276^***	−0.471	−3.086^***
	International student	(0.676)	(1.203)	(0.864)	(0.679)	(1.412)	(0.761)
	Constant	10.962^***	13.052^***	−1.000^**	11.605^***	16.642^***	9.274^***
	Constant	(2.582)	(5.205)	(0.141)	(2.376)	(4.578)	(2.787)
n		1616	412	1204	1632	418	1214
R ²		0.367	0.405	0.348	0.234	0.248	0.249
F‐stat		40.75	12.60	28.15	21.79	6.32	19.17

Note: Standard errors are reported in parentheses and are corrected for heteroskedasticity. The coefficients reported are from a linear regression estimation. We control for university level effects in each specification.

^***

p < 0.001,

^**

p < 0.05,

p < 0.1.