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. 2022 Apr 25;12:861601. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.861601

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Copyright © 2022 Jin, Zhang, Wang, Guan, Shao, Lin, Liu and Li

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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TGF-β1 expression is positively correlated with Tregs, but negatively correlated with γδ T cells. (A) Differential analysis of the percentage (y-axis) of the 22 types of immune cells (x-axis) in HCC patients with high (indicated by red violins) or low (indicated by green violins) TGF-β1 expression by using limma and vioplot packages. The red arrows suggested statistical significance (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis of TGF-β1 expression with Tregs (B) and γδ T cells (C) by using limma, ggplot2, ggpubr, and ggextra packages. One black dot indicates one HCC sample. The blue lines indicate positive (B) or negative (C) correlation between TGF-β1 expression and immune cell percentage. R: correlation coefficient. p < 0.05 suggests significant correlation between TGF-β1 expression and immune cell percentage.