Fig. 5. Schematic of basic steps for implant fabrication based on 3DP system: (a) data collection from CT and MRI; (b) implant design in computer for 3D CAD model and topology optimization; (c–e) implant fabrication in 3DP system using metal powder; (f) application in medical field. This figure has been reproduced from ref. 177 with permission from International Scientific Information.