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. 2022 May 9;2022(5):CD012576. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012576.pub3

Silverman 2019a.

Study characteristics
Methods Study design: cluster RCT
Study grouping: parallel group
Allocation concealment: method for allocation concealment not specified
Randomisation method: through 24 sessions, participants were cluster‐randomised into 3 groups via a computer program. Participants were allocated the group of the first session they attended.
Participants Baseline characteristics
MT (lyric analysis) + SC
  • Gender male: 22 (50%)

  • Age: 35.40 years

  • Sample size: 44


MT (song writing) + SC
  • Gender male: 20 (65%)

  • Age: 37.10 years

  • Sample size: 31


Recreational music + SC
  • Gender male: 23 (61%)

  • Age: 35.08 years

  • Sample size: 38


Overall
  • Gender male: 65 (58%)

  • Age: 35.86 years

  • Sample size: 113


Inclusion criteria: inpatient on short‐term detoxification unit (thus, with diagnosis of SUD); ability to read English
Exclusion criteria: none mentioned
Pretreatment: no significant differences between groups in regard to: number of people taking part in each session who volunteered to be research participants; total number of participants in each session; age; number of times they had been in rehabilitation/detoxification facility; gender; ethnic background; primary drug.
Interventions Intervention characteristics
MT (lyric analysis) + SC
  • Description: MT scripted educational lyric analysis group session focused on relapse prevention, led by music therapist.

  • Session length: approximately 45 minutes

  • Frequency: single session

  • Duration of treatment: single session


MT (song writing) + SC
  • Description: MT group songwriting session using blues genre and focusing on recovery, led by music therapist.

  • Session length: approximately 45 minutes

  • Frequency: single session

  • Duration of treatment: single session


Recreational music + SC
  • Description: rock and roll music bingo led by music therapist, with some discussion of songs, artists, and associated memories.

  • Session length: approximately 45 minutes

  • Frequency: single session

  • Duration of treatment: single session

Outcomes Not used
Group experience (Ferrara Group Experiences Scale)
Identification Sponsorship source: none
Country: USA
Setting: inpatient detoxification unit of a large teaching hospital
Author's name: Michael J Silverman
Institution: University of Minnesota
Email: silvermj@umn.edu
Address: Music Therapy Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
Declarations of interest: no conflicts of interest reported.
Notes Email (25 March 2021) from author confirmed report is the same as the Silverman 2021.
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Low risk Judgement comment: participants in 24 sessions were cluster randomised via a computer program into conditions by session.
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Judgement comment: insufficient information about allocation concealment to permit judgement.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes Low risk Judgement comment: no incomplete outcome data.
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Low risk Judgement comment: no selective reporting.
Blinding of participants and providers (performance bias) (subjective outcomes) Low risk Judgement comment: not possible to blind participants and providers to MT intervention.
Blinding of outcome assessor (detection bias) (subjective outcomes) Unclear risk Judgement comment: not possible to blind outcome assessor for self‐report outcomes, though measurement not likely to be influenced differentially between groups.