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. 2022 May 9;11(5):e1390. doi: 10.1002/cti2.1390

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The cytokine network in atopic dermatitis with effects by and on various cell types, with a focus on neuroinflammation, itch and pain. Cytokines in red/bold text are upregulated in atopic dermatitis (AP‐1, activating protein 1; BDNF, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CGRP, calcitonin gene‐related peptide; CysLTR2, leukotriene receptor; DRG, dorsal root ganglion; ET‐1, endothelin 1; FLG, filaggrin; GRP, gastrin‐releasing peptide; IL, interleukin; IL‐31R, IL‐31 receptor; ILC2, innate lymphoid cell 2; IVL, involucrin; LOR, loricrin; Mrgpr, Mas‐related G protein–coupled receptor; MrgprX2, Mas‐related G protein–coupled receptor X2; NGF, nerve growth factor; NKB, neurokinin B; PAR‐2, proteinase‐activated receptor 2; S. aureus, Staphylococcus aureus; SP, substance P; SST, somatostatin; ST2, IL‐33 receptor; TLR, toll‐like receptor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; TNFR, TNF receptor; TRPA1, transient receptor potential ankyrin 1; TRPV4, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin; TSLPR, thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor; VIP, vasoactive intestinal peptide).