Table 2.

Risk factors associated with stoma complications

Patient-related factors	Medical and surgical risk factors
Cardiac co-morbidities	Emergency surgery
Respiratory co-morbidities	Surgery for malignancy
Musculoskeletal co-morbidities	Poor surgical technique
Diabetes	Surgeon’s experience and specialty
Smoking	No preoperative input from a stoma nurse
Cancer	Concomitant chemotherapy
Obesity (BMI > 30)	Corticosteroid therapy
Age (> 60 years)	Preoperative radiation
Poor nutritional status

Outlined are risk factors associated with stoma-related complications. These can be both patient-related, but also due to medical conditions that pose risk factors for the development of complications