TABLE 1.
KIFs discovered in rodent testes.
| KIF/subunit | Testicular localization | Detection technique(s) | Reference(s) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kinesin-1 | KIF5A | Somatic testicular cells (expressed before meiosis) | RT-PCR | Junco et al. (2001) |
| KIF5B | Spermatocytes, Sertoli cells | RT-PCR, WB, IF, scRNA-seq | (Junco et al., 2001; Jung et al., 2019) | |
| KIF5C | Spermatocytes, round spermatids (extremely low level), acrosome of spermatozoa | RT-PCR, WB, IF | (Junco et al., 2001; Mannowetz et al., 2010) | |
| KLC1/2 | Pachytene spermatocytes | RT-PCR | Junco et al. (2001) | |
| KLC3 | Spermatocytes, spermatids (highest in round spermatids), spermatozoa, sperm tails | RT-PCR, WB, IF | ||
| Kinesin-2 | KIF3A/B (KIF3/KAP3 complex/Kinesin-II) | Cytoplasm in pachytene spermatocytes, round spermatids and elongating spermatids; basal body and axoneme of round and elongating spermatids, manchette of elongating spermatids, sperm tails; Sertoli cell trans-Golgi network | RT-PCR, WB, IF | (Kondo et al., 1994; Yamazaki et al., 1995; Huang et al., 2012; Lehti et al., 2013) |
| KIF17B | Nucleus and cytoplasm of round spermatids, elongating spermatids, manchette, chromatoid bodies of round spermatids, principal piece of the sperm tail | NB, WB, IF | (Macho et al., 2002; Chennathukuzhi et al., 2003; Kotaja et al., 2006; Saade et al., 2007) | |
| Kinesin-3 | KIF13A/B KIF16A/B | N/A | NB | (Nakagawa et al., 1997; Miki et al., 2001) |
| Kinesin-4 | KIF7 | N/A | NB | Nakagawa et al. (1997) |
| KIF27 | Cytoplasm of all germ cells, perinuclear ring of the manchette, HTCA, residual bodies | ISH, IF (KIF27GFP-transgenic mouse) | Nozawa et al. (2014) | |
| Kinesin-5 | KIF11 | Spermatogonia and spermatocytes | WB, IF | (Birtel et al., 2017; Hara-Yokoyama et al., 2019) |
| Kinesin-6 | KIF20A/B | Sertoli cells, germ cells, ectoplasmic specialization | WB, IF, microarrays, RT-PCR | (Vaid et al., 2007; Wu et al., 2021a) |
| KIF23 | Germ cell intercellular bridges | RT-ddPCR, WB, IF | (Greenbaum et al., 2007; Vikberg et al., 2020) | |
| Kinesin-7 | KIF10 | Spermatocytes | IF, CM | (Kallio et al., 1998; Eaker et al., 2001) |
| Kinesin-8 | KIF18A/B | Sertoli cells, germ cells | NB, RT-PCR | (Miki et al., 2001; Luboshits and Benayahu, 2005; Czechanski et al., 2015; Wu et al., 2021a) |
| KIF19A | N/A | NB | Miki et al. (2001) | |
| Kinesin-9 | KIF6/KRP3 | Spermatogonia and/or Sertoli cells, pachytene spermatocytes, round spermatids | NB, ISH, WB, IF | (Nakagawa et al., 1997; Zou et al., 2002) |
| KIF9 | Spermatocytes, spermatids, sperm flagellum, Sertoli cells | RT-PCR, WB, In silico expression analysis, IF | (Miyata et al., 2020; Wu et al., 2021a) | |
| Kinesin-10 | KIF22 | N/A | NB | (Tokai et al., 1996; Yang et al., 1997) |
| Kinesin-12 | KIF15 | Sertoli cells, germ cells; apical and basal apical ectoplasmic specialization, BTB | NB, RT-PCR, WB, IF | (Nakagawa et al., 1997; Wu et al., 2021a) |
| Kinesin-13 | KIF2B | N/A | NB | Miki et al. (2001) |
| KIF24 | ||||
| Kinesin-14A | KIFC1 | MBOs in the medulla of early spermatids, acrosome of elongating spermatids, spermatid manchette, nucleus of early spermatids, distal cytoplasm/residual bodies, Sertoli cells | RT-PCR, WB, IF, EM | (Navolanic and Sperry, 2000; Yang and Sperry, 2003; Wu et al., 2021a) |
| KIFC4A | N/A | NB | Yang et al. (1997) | |
| KIFC5A/B/C | Spermatid manchette and sperm flagella | RT-PCR, NB, IF | Navolanic and Sperry, (2000) | |
| Kinesin-14B | KIFC3 | N/A | NB, WB | Noda et al. (2001) |
Abbreviations: RT-PCR, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; WB, western blot; IF, immunofluorescence; scRNA-seq, single-cell RNA-sequencing; N/A, not available; NB, northern blot; HTCA, head-tail coupling apparatus; ISH, in situ hybridization; ddPCR, droplet digital PCR; CM, confocal microscopy; BTB, blood-testis barrier; MBOs, membrane-bounded organelles; EM, electron microscopy.