Table 4.

Ongoing clinical trials of ICIs in LANPC.

	Trial identifier	Phase	Treatment	Patient population	Enrollment	Primary endpoint	Completion date
Local-regional recurrent NPC	NCT04376866	Phase III	Concurrent and adjuvant toripalimaba or placebo plus CCRT	Local–regional recurrent NPC	204	OS	April 2028
	NCT04453813	Phase III	Concurrent and adjuvant toripalimaba or placebo plus CCRT	Unresectable locally recurrent NPC	226	PFS	July 2027
	NCT04143984	Phase II	Camrelizumaba plus IC followed by CIRT	Locally recurrent NPC	146	PFS	December 2025
	NCT04534855	Phase II	Treprilimaba	Recurrent NPC after re-irradiation	40	ORR	September 2025
	NCT04778956	Phase III	Toripalimaba plus surgery versus surgery alone for resectable recurrent NPC	Resectable locally recurrent NPC	218	DFS	March 2025
	NCT04895345	Phase II	TQB2450 + TQB2450 plus with IMRT	Inoperable locally recurrent NPC	25	ORR	December 2022
	NCT05011227	Phase II	Camrelizumaba + CT + endoscopic surgery	Local recurrent NPC	100	OS	August 2025
LANPC without prior therapy	NCT04453826	Phase III	Camrelizumaba or placebo plus chemoradiotherapy	Staged as II–III NPC without response or positive EBV DNA after three cycles of IC and staged as IVa	338	PFS	September 2028
	NCT03700476	Phase III	Sintilimaba or placebo combine with IC and CCRT	Stage III–IVa LANPC	417	FFS	January 2025
	NCT04557020	Phase III	Toripalimaba or placebo combine with IC and CCRT	Clinical staged as T4 or N3 and without distant metastasis	200	PFS	March 2024
	NCT04447612	Phase II	Durvalumab combine with IC and CCRT	Locoregionally advanced stage III–IVa NPC	25	PFS	June 2023
	NCT04447326	Phase II	Toripalimaba and endostar plus IC and CCRT	T4 and N3 untreated NPC	106	PFS	June 2026
	NCT04782765	Phase II	Camrelizumaba plus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy	NPC without distant metastasis	59	DFS rate of 3 years	March 2025
	NCT03734809	Phase II	Neoadjuvant pembrolizumaba plus chemotherapy followed by concurrent pembrolizumab–cisplatin radiation, then maintenance of pembrolizumab monotherapy	Untreated stage IVa NPC	46	PFS rate of 2 years	December 2023
	NCT03984357	Phase II	Whole-course concurrent and adjuvant nivolumaba plus IC followed by RT alone	High-risk LANPC	152	FFS	August 2026
	NCT04870905	Phase II	IC-based CCRT plus adjuvant tislelizumaba	T4 N1 or T1–4 N2–3 LANPC	100	FFS	May 2026
	NCT03544099	Phase II	Adjuvant therapy with pembrolizumaba	NPC with solely detectable EBV DNA after curative chemoradiation	63	DFS rate of 1 year	December 2024
	NCT03930498	Phase II	Toripalimaba or placebo plus chemoradiotherapy	High-risk recurrent NPC	43	ORR	December 2023
	NCT03427827	Phase III	Camrelizumaba versus best supportive care	Stage III–IVa LANPC after chemoradiation therapy	442	FFS	February 2024
	NCT03267498	Phase II	Nivolumaba plus chemoradiation	Stage II–IVb LANPC	40	Feasibility of treatment	December 2021
	NCT04910347	Phase II	Consolidation nivolumaba after CCRT	Stage II–IVa LANPC	57	PFS rate of 2 years	December 2025
	NCT04072107	Phase II	GP IC + IMRT concurrent with CT and sintilimaba	Detectable EBV DNA after three cycles of IC or with EBV DNA bounce during the induction phase	110	Failure-free survival	December 2022

CCRT, concurrent chemoradiotherapy; CIRT, carbon-ion radiotherapy; DFS, disease-free survival; DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid; EBV, Epstein–Barr virus; GP, gemcitabine plus cisplatin; IC, induction chemotherapy; IMRT, intensity-modulated radiotherapy; LANPC, local–regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma; NPC, nasopharyngeal carcinoma; ORR, objective response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; RT, radiotherapy; SBRT, stereotactic body radiation therapy; FFS, failure free survival.

^aRepresents anti-PD-1 antibody; Endostar: VEGFR inhibitor; Durvalumab: anti-PD-L1 antibody; TQB 2450: anti-PD-L1 antibody