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. 2022 Feb 28;17(10):2238–2246. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.336871

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Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research

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MSCs-EVs decrease microglial activation in the cortex ipsilateral to the HI.

Upper panels: Immunohistochemistry images of microglia with Iba-1 staining in the sham, HI, and HI + EVs groups. Green arrowheads show the resting microglia (ramified microglia) and red arrowheads show the activated microglia (amoeboid shape). Scale bar: 25 µm. Lower panels: Quantification of the number of endpoints per Iba-1⁺ cell and the length of the cell processes in the infarct core. All of the experiments were carried out on four independent samples. Graphs show the mean ± SD; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction). EV: Extracellular vesicle; HI: hypoxia-ischemia; MSC: mesenchymal stromal cell.