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. 2022 Mar 9;9(2):212–226. doi: 10.1002/cben.202100044

Table 2.

D‐values, i.e., time taken for 90 % reduction of SARS‐CoV‐2 on common surfaces at various temperatures which defines the need of proper designing and operation of silos for intermediate holdup of potentially COVID‐infected waste.

Surface

D‐values (90 % reduction of virus on surface)

At 20 °C [h (days)]

At 30 °C [h (days)]

At 40 °C [h]

Cotton

133.68 (5.57)

39.6 (1.65)

0

Polymer Notes

164.4 (6.85)

48.96 (2.04)

4.78

Stainless Steel

143.04 (5.96)

41.76 (1.74)

4.86

Paper Note

219.12 (9.13)

103.68 (4.32)

5.39

Glass

151.68 (6.32)

34.8 (1.45)

6.55

Vinyl

152.16 (6.34)

33.6 (1.4)

9.9