Table 3.
Lifetime treatment utilization by race/ethnic group among those with DSM-5 lifetime drug use disorder who reported using at least one type of service: Adjusted models
| White (n=546) | Black (n=191) | American Indian/Alaska Native (n=23) | Asian/Pacific Islander/Native Hawaiian (n=14) | Latine (n=119) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type of Treatment or Help | % (SE) | % (SE) | % (SE) | % (SE) | % (SE) |
| Ever sought drug treatment | 23.36 (1.07) | 24.37 (2.15) | 25.86 (7.54) | 15.19 (1.26) | 21.93 (2.42) |
| 1. 12-step Program* | 67.25 (2.45)a | 85.60 (2.64)a,b,c,d | 62.07 (15.85)d | 57.62 (11.82)c | 67.53 (5.01)b |
| 2. Family/social services | 18.73 (1.97) | 25.52 (4.55) | 18.01 (8.95) | 8.37 (7.19) | 11.06 (2.56) |
| 3. Detoxification | 36.92 (2.66) | 46.68 (5.94) | 38.35 (9.82) | 39.10 (10.93) | 40.15 (5.56) |
| 4. Other inpatient facility | 27.28 (2.25) | 29.71 (3.70) | 20.20 (10.16) | 12.24 (11.72) | 24.21 (4.93) |
| 5. Outpatient clinic* | 39.92 (2.49)a | 51.52 (5.98)b | 35.22 (9.74) | 30.05 (10.28) | 26.42 (6.37)a,b |
| 6. Rehabilitation program | 50.03 (2.58) | 61.79 (4.86) | 42.00 (11.55) | 41.63 (10.95) | 47.06 (7.13) |
| 7. Methadone maintenance program | 9.42 (1.39) | 6.27 (2.02) | 14.43 (4.65) | - | 10.18 (2.92) |
| 8. Emergency department | 23.09 (1.99) | 13.33 (2.78) | 22.93 (5.94) | 9.05 (8.96) | 20.37 (4.09) |
| 9. Halfway house | 13.10 (1.95) | 14.72 (2.95) | 10.82 (6.77) | 9.44 (7.45) | 15.78 (3.45) |
| 10. Crisis center | 5.08 (1.07) | 8.18 (2.31) | 13.12 (6.63) | 9.05 (8.96) | 7.99 (2.29) |
| 11. Employee-assistance program | 4.93 (1.15) | 4.04 (1.25) | 3.96 (4.08) | - | 1.15 (0.68) |
| 12. Clergy | 12.48 (1.55) | 16.13 (2.98) | 7.19 (5.11) | 21.68 (11.81) | 12.41 (3.20) |
| 13. Physician or other health care professional | 47.82 (2.10) | 38.11 (4.25) | 64.98 (8.61) | 33.30 (13.80) | 40.19 (7.34) |
| 14. Any other agency or professional | 5.98 (1.16) | 4.72 (1.75) | - | 17.48 (13.80) | 9.98 (2.99) |
| Lifetime use of specialty treatment* | 67.87 (2.66) | 76.70 (3.71)a,b | 53.81 (14.31) | 41.63 (10.95)a | 60.26 (5.73)b |
| Number of Services Utilized | 3.62 (.13) | 4.06 (.22) | 3.53 (.66) | 2.89 (.51) | 3.34 (.22) |
Note. - = frequency was zero.
*
= omnibus Wald F test significant at p < .05.
Cells with the same letters represent pairwise differences based on adjusted survey regression models (p < .05). No superscript in a cell means the cell was not different from any other cell.