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. 2022 May 9;13:2539. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-30195-w

Fig. 7. Inflammatory cytokine IL-1β promotes osteoclastogenesis.

Fig. 7

a Representative microscopic images (scale bars = 500 µm) and b the corresponding quantifications (n = 12) showing the formation of TRAP+ multinuclear cells from bone marrow macrophage (BMM) isolated from young mice (3 months) and matured adult mice (6 months). Recombinant murine IL-1β or its neutralizing antibody (Neu-Ab) was added to the culture medium throughout the osteoclastic induction using M-CSF and RANKL. c The gene expression of IL-1R1 and IL-1RA in BMMs from young or matured adult mice with or without the presence of recombinant murine IL-1β or its neutralizing antibody (n = 3). d Representative microscopic images (scale bars = 500 µm) and e the correspond quantifications (n = 12) showing the formation of TRAP+ multinuclear cells when the BMMs were indirectly co-cultured with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) stimulated with recombinant murine IL-1β or its neutralizing antibody. f The gene expression of CSF1, OPG, and RANKL in MSC-treated with recombinant murine IL-1β or its neutralizing antibody (n = 3). Data were mean ± SD. ns: P > 0.05, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 by two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc test (b, c, e) or one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test (f).