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. 2022 Apr 26;10:824075. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.824075

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Copyright © 2022 Abudula, Fan, Zhang, Li, Zhou and Chen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) The model of heterotopia mouse was established by intraperitoneal injection. Ectopic stromal cells and normal endometrial stromal cells + ectopic exosomes notably increased the number of ectopic foci compared with the normal endometrial stromal cells group and control group (p < 0.0001), while MSNi and exosomal MSNi inhibited this phenomenon (p < 0.0005). (B) The size of ectopic implant tissue. Ectopic exosomes could increase the size of ectopic tissue the same as the ectopic cells, but exosomal MSNi and ectopic cells + MSNi decreased the size (p < 0.0001). (C) The expression of inflammatory cytokines: IL-1β, ICAM-1, IL-18, and TNF-αin the small intestinal tissue surrounding the heterotopic foci. Data were expressed as mean ± SEM, NS, no significance, **** p < 0.0001.