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. 2022 Apr 26;13:785757. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.785757

TABLE 1.

Basic characteristics of all included studies in this network meta-analysis.

References Country Sample size (male) Mean age, yrs Disease severity GO duration (mos) Details of interventions Follow-up
Akarsu et al. (2011) Turkey 18 (7) vs. 15 (5) 28.4 vs. 29.6 Moderately severe active GO 3.1 vs. 2.9 0.5 g iv MP for 6 wks, followed by 0.25 g weekly for 6 wks (WR) 72 mg po MP for 2 wks, followed by 8 mg for 2 wks (OGC) 24 wks
Aktaran et al. (2007) Turkey 25 (11) vs. 27 (13) 44.3 vs. 41.3 Moderately severe active GO 1–5 0.5 g iv MP for 6 wks, followed by 0.25 g weekly for 6 wks (WR) 72 mg po MP for 2 wks, followed by 8 mg for 2 wks (OGC) 3 mos
He et al. (2017) China 22 (6) vs. 18 (8) 42.3 vs. 41.2 Moderately severe GO 7 vs. 6 1.5 g iv MP monthly for 3 mos (MR) 0.5 g iv MP weekly for 6 wks, followed by 0.25 g for 6 wks (WR) 13 wks
Kahaly et al. (2005) Germany 35 (10) vs. 35 (11) 52 vs. 48 Moderately severe GO 4 vs. 3 0.5 g iv MP for 6 wks, followed by 0.25 g weekly for 6 wks (WR) 0.1 g po PS for 2 wks, followed by 0.01 g for 2 wks (OGC) 6 mos
Kauppinen-Mäkelin et al. (2002) Finland 18 (1) vs. 15 (1) 46.4 vs. 46.1 Mildly moderate GO n.r. total 4.16 g MP weekly for 16 wks (WR) total 2.99 g PS for 16 wks (OGC) 12 mos
Macchia et al. (2001) Italy 25 (6) vs. 26 (5) 42.6 vs. 44.6 Mildly moderate GO n.r. 1 g iv MP weekly for 6 wks (WR) 60–80 mg po PS for 6 wks (OGC) 1 yr
Marcocci et al. (2001) Italy 41 (6) vs. 41 (8) 50 vs. 48 Moderately severe GO 35 vs. 34 total 9–12 g iv MP weekly for 14 wks (WR) total 2.99 g PS for 14 wks (OGC) 2 mos
Mu et al. (2020) China 46 (18) vs. 44 (20) 35.2 vs. 34.8 Moderately severe active TAO 12.6 vs. 6.6 0.5 g iv MP for 6 wks, followed by 0.25 g weekly for 6 wks (WR) 0.5 g iv MP daily for 5 days, followed by po MP for 3 mos (DR) 12 wks
Roy et al. (2015) India 31 (9) vs. 31 (15) 37.6 vs. 36.9 Moderately severe active GO n.r. 0.5 g iv MP monthly for 4 mos (MR) 1 mg po PS for 6 wks then tapered stopped (OGC) 12 mos
Zhu et al. (2014) China 39 (15) vs. 41 (19) 45.3 vs. 48.2 Moderately severe active GO 13.6 vs. 6.4 0.5 g iv MP for 6 wks, followed by 0.25 g weekly for 6 wks (WR) 0.5 g iv MP daily for 2 wks, followed by 0.25 g for 2 wks and then by tapering po PS (DR) 12 wks

GO, Graves’ ophthalmopathy; TAO, thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy; DR, daily regime; WR, weekly regime; MR, monthly regime; OGC, oral glucocorticoids; yrs, years; mos, months; wks, weeks; iv, intravenous; po, oral; MP, methylprednisolone; PS, prednisolone; n.r., not reported.