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. 2022 Apr 26;9:807436. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.807436

TABLE 4.

Associations of composite metrics of minSpO2 and minSpO2-specific HR metrics with AMI.

Unadjusted
 Model 1
 Model 2
Items OR (95% CI) p-Value OR (95% CI) p-Value OR (95% CI) p-Value
MinSpO2 + HRmean
Group 1 1.00 1.00 1.00
Group 2 1.41 (0.83−2.39) 0.210 1.42 (0.83−2.43) 0.196 1.39 (0.81−2.37) 0.234
Group 3 1.35 (0.93−1.95) 0.114 1.36 (0.93−1.99) 0.113 1.38 (0.94−2.01) 0.103
Group 4 2.74 (1.82−4.13) <0.001 2.74 (1.80−4.18) <0.001 2.65 (1.74−4.05) <0.001
MinSpO2 + HRmax
Group 1 1.00 1.00 1.00
Group 2 1.55 (0.90−2.67) 0.114 1.53 (0.88−2.64) 0.130 1.54 (0.89−2.67) 0.124
Group 3 1.66 (1.02−2.68) 0.040 1.65 (1.01−2.68) 0.045 1.70 (1.04−2.77) 0.035
Group 4 2.33 (1.44−3.77) 0.001 2.26 (1.39−3.70) 0.002 2.25 (1.37−3.67) 0.002
MinSpO2 + HRmin
Group 1 1.00 1.00 1.00
Group 2 1.32 (0.76−2.31) 0.329 1.40 (0.80−2.46) 0.239 1.35 (0.77−2.37) 0.304
Group 3 1.24 (0.87−1.77) 0.228 1.27 (0.88−1.83) 0.196 1.28 (0.89−1.85) 0.184
Group 4 2.79 (1.89−4.11) <0.001 2.91 (1.94−4.36) <0.001 2.81 (1.87−4.21) <0.001

MinSpO2 and HR metrics (including HRmax, HRmean, and HRmin) yield a total of four independent groups for individual HR response metric. Group 1 (Control) represents participants with minSpO2 ≥90% and mild HR reaction (i.e., HRmean ≤ 73 bpm, HRmax ≤ 83 bpm, or HRmin ≤ 60 bpm). Group 2 represents participants with minSpO2 <90% and mild HR reaction. Group 3 represents participants with minSpO2 ≥90% and substantial HR reaction (i.e., HRmax > 83 bpm, or HRmean > 73 bpm, or HRmin > 60 bpm). Group 4 represents participants with minSpO2 <90% and substantial HR reaction. Each line represents a separate regression model. Model 1 adjusted for age, gender, and BMI. Model 2 adjusted for age, gender, BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, eGFR, and diabetes mellitus.

AMI, acute myocardial infarction; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, heart rate; minSpO2, minimal oxygen saturation. HRmin, minimal HR during apnea phase that elicits a subsequent minSpO2; HRmax, maximal HR in response to minSpO2 during post-apnea phase; HRmean, mean HR representing the average of the HRmax and the HRmin; OR, odds ratio.