Table 2.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of patients stratified by treatment strategies beyond immunotherapy resistance (n = 83)
| Characteristics | No. patients (%) | |||
|
ICIs monotherapy
(n = 15) |
ICIs combination therapy
(n = 23) |
Other therapy
(n = 45) |
P -value | |
| Median age, y (range) | 64 (53-80) | 60 (46-77) | 63 (36-77) | 0.258 |
| Gender | 0.161 | |||
| Male | 12 (80) | 21 (91.3) | 32 (71.1) | |
| Female | 3 (20) | 2 (8.7) | 13 (28.9) | |
| ECOG PS | 0.682 | |||
| 0-1 | 13 (86.7) | 22 (95.7) | 40 (88.9) | |
| 2 | 2 (13.3) | 1 (4.3) | 5 (11.1) | |
| Smoking history | 0.479 | |||
| Current/Former | 10 (66.7) | 16 (69.6) | 25 (55.6) | |
| Never | 5 (33.3) | 7 (30.4) | 20 (44.4) | |
| Histology | 0.253 | |||
| Non-squamous | 7 (46.7) | 16 (69.6) | 30 (66.7) | |
| Squamous | 6 (40.0) | 5 (21.7) | 14 (31.1) | |
| NOS | 2 (13.3) | 2 (8.7) | 1 (2.2) | |
| PD-L1 status | 0.918 | |||
| ≥ 1% | 3 (20) | 5 (21.7) | 8 (17.8) | |
| < 1% | 2 (13.3) | 2 (8.7) | 8 (17.8) | |
| Not examined | 10 (66.7) | 16 (69.6) | 29 (64.4) | |
| Lines of therapy | 0.751 | |||
| 1 | 3 (20) | 9 (39.1) | 14 (31.1) | |
| 2 | 8 (53.3) | 8 (34.8) | 17 (37.8) | |
| ≥ 3 | 4 (26.7) | 6 (26.1) | 14 (31.1) | |
| Number of metastatic sites | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 0.9 (0.5) | 2.5 (1.9) | 1.5 (1.1) | 0.001 |
| Specific metastasis sites | 0.973 | |||
| Brain | 0 (0) | 9 (39.1) | 4 (8.9) | 0.001 |
| Liver | 0 (0) | 4 (17.4) | 3 (6.7) | 0.168 |
| Bone | 2 (13.3) | 11 (47.8) | 16 (35.5) | 0.092 |
| Progression patterns of ICIs | 0.772 | |||
| Oligoprogression | 7 (46.7) | 11 (47.8) | 18(40.0) | |
| Systemic progression | 7 (46.7) | 11 (47.8) | 26 (57.8) | |
| Not determined | 1 (6.6) | 1 (4.4) | 1 (2.2) | |
| Subsequent therapy beyond progression | NA | |||
| PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors | 15 (100) | 23 (100) | 0 (0) | |
| Chemotherapy | 0 (0) | 13 (56.5) | 37 (82.2) | |
| Anti-angiogentic therapy | 0 (0) | 9 (39.1) | 13 (28.9) | |
| Local therapy | 0 (0) | 5 (21.7) | 7 (15.6) | |
ECOG PS: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; PD-1: programmed cell death 1; NOS: not otherwise specified; PD-L1: programmed cell death ligand 1; ICIs: immune checkpoint inhibitors; NA: not applicable.