Table 2.
Sero-prevalence estimates (95% CI) for infectious pathogens in men and women
| Pathogens | Men (n=761) | Women (n=1225) | All (n=1986) |
| Hepatitis viruses | |||
| HBV | 46.1 (42.5 to 49.7) | 42.4 (39.6 to 45.2) | 43.8 (41.6 to 46.0) |
| HCV | 0.5 (0.1 to 1.3) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.5) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.2) |
| Human papillomaviruses (HPV) | |||
| HPV-16 | 4.1 (2.8 to 5.7) | 7.9 (6.5 to 9.6) | 6.4 (5.4 to 7.6) |
| HPV-18 | 2.8 (1.7 to 4.2) | 3.8 (2.8 to 5.0) | 3.4 (2.6 to 4.3) |
| Human herpesviruses (HHV) | |||
| HHV-1 | 97.2 (95.8 to 98.3) | 98.4 (97.6 to 99.1) | 98.0 (97.3 to 98.6) |
| HHV-2 | 7.1 (5.4 to 9.2) | 10.0 (8.3 to 11.8) | 8.9 (7.6 to 10.2) |
| VZV | 92.9 (90.8 to 94.6) | 90.7 (88.9 to 92.3) | 91.5 (90.2 to 92.7) |
| EBV | 99.9 (99.3 to 100.0) | 99.8 (99.4 to 100.0) | 99.8 (99.6 to 100.0) |
| CMV | 95.9 (94.3 to 97.2) | 98.1 (97.2 to 98.8) | 97.3 (96.5 to 98.0) |
| HHV-6 | 52.3 (48.7 to 55.9) | 68.0 (65.3 to 70.6) | 62.0 (59.8 to 64.1) |
| HHV-7 | 79.5 (76.5 to 82.3) | 89.3 (87.4 to 91.0) | 85.5 (83.9 to 87.1) |
| Human polyomaviruses (HPyV) | |||
| BKV | 90.8 (88.5 to 92.8) | 91.3 (89.6 to 92.9) | 91.1 (89.8 to 92.4) |
| JCV | 68.5 (65.0 to 71.8) | 63.8 (61.1 to 66.5) | 65.6 (63.5 to 67.7) |
| MCV | 64.7 (61.1 to 68.1) | 65.1 (62.3 to 67.7) | 64.9 (62.8 to 67.0) |
| Other viruses | |||
| HIV | 0 | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.5) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.3) |
| HTLV | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.7) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.5) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.4) |
| Bacteria/parasite | |||
| H. pylori | 54.3 (50.7 to 57.9) | 53.0 (50.1 to 55.8) | 53.5 (51.3 to 55.7) |
| C. trachomatis | 45.7 (42.1 to 49.3) | 48.8 (46.0 to 51.7) | 47.6 (45.4 to 49.9) |
| T. gondii | 12.4 (10.1 to 14.9) | 15.3 (13.4 to 17.5) | 14.2 (12.7 to 15.8) |
Bold values denote statistical significance at the p<0.05 level.
BKV, BK virus; CMV, cytomegalovirus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HTLV, human T lymphotropic virus; JCV, JC virus; MCV, Merkel cell virus; VZV, varicella zoster virus.