. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jun 1.

Published in final edited form as: Dig Dis Sci. 2021 May 23;67(6):2677–2687. doi: 10.1007/s10620-021-07048-5

Table 4.

Multivariable analysis of factors associated with patient survival

Variables	Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	p value	Model 1^a Adjusted HR (95% CI)	p value	Model 2^b Adjusted HR (95% CI)	p value
Liver cirrhosis	1.45 (1.19–1.77)	< 0.001	1.74 (1.45–2.09)	< 0.001	1.48 (1.21–1.82)	< 0.001
NAFLD	0.98 (0.83–1.15)	0.812	0.94 (0.80–1.12)	0.499	1.08 (0.91–1.28)	0.381
Hepatitis C	0.90 (0.80–1.02)	0.094	1.06 (0.92–1.21)	0.431	1.06 (0.93–1.21)	0.373
Alcoholic liver disease	1.35 (1.14–1.59)	< 0.001	1.28 (1.08–1.52)	0.004	1.07 (0.90–1.28)	0.415
Hepatitis B	0.81 (0.62–1.06)	0.122	1.00 (0.75–1.32)	0.974	0.94 (0.72–1.24)	0.677
Viral hepatitis and alcohol	1.62 (1.34–1.95)	< 0.001	1.71 (1.40–2.09)	< 0.001	1.51 (1.23–1.88)	< 0.001
Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²)^c	1.97 (1.24–3.15)	0.004	1.83 (1.13–2.97)	0.015	2.06 (1.27–3.34)	0.004
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²)^c	1.01 (0.88–1.15)	0.921	1.07 (0.94–1.23)	0.306	1.06 (0.93–1.22)	0.361
Morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m²)^c	1.54 (1.20–1.98)	0.001	1.40 (1.09–1.81)	0.010	1.31 (1.01–1.69)	0.040
Diabetes mellitus	0.95 (0.84–1.07)	0.414	0.96 (0.85–1.09)	0.557	1.04 (0.91–1.18)	0.566
Having 3 or more metabolic risk factors	0.94 (0.82–1.07)	0.365	0.95 (0.82–1.08)	0.419	1.02 (0.89–1.17)	0.780

NAFLD nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, BMI body mass index

Model 1: variables adjusted for age, gender, race, ALBI grade, INR, AFP, largest tumor size, major vascular invasion, and metastasis

Model 2: variables adjusted for age, gender, race, ALBI grade, INR, AFP, largest tumor size, major vascular invasion, metastasis, tumor resection, liver transplantation, and treatment with palliative aim

Compared to normal BMI (≥ 18.5 and < 30 kg/m²)