Table 1.

Overview of taxonomic alterations in case–control studies on the gut microbiota in AIH

Reference	Study population	Biological source	Sequencing technique	Enriched in AIH	Depleted in AIH
Lou et al., 2020 [92]	37 AIH; 78 HC	Feces	16S, V3–V5	34 OTUs including Enterobacteriaceae, Veillonella, Ruminococcaceae_uncultured, Roseburia, and Bacteroides	5 OTUs including Bacteroides, Bilophila, Blautia, and Lachnospiraceae_uncultured
Elsherbiny et al., 2020 [93]	15 AIH; 10 HC	Feces	16S, V3–V4	Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Streptococcus, Bacteroides, Haemophilus	Prevotella, Parabacteroides, Dilaster
Liwinski et al., 2020 [94]	72 AIH; 99 PBC; 81 UC; 95 HC	Feces	16S, V1–V2	vs HC: Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Veillonella vs PBC: Faecalibacterium, Haemophilus, Ruminococcaceae unclassified vs UC: UBA 1819, Phascolarctobacterium, various Ruminococcaceae genera, Odoribacter, Senegalimassilia, Subdoligranulum, Coprobacter, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136, Parabacteroides, Butyricimonas	vs HC: Lachnospiraceae ND3007, Intestinibacter, Erysipelotrichaceae, Bifidobacterium, Lachnispiraceae FCS020, Clostridium family XIII AD3011, Faecalibacterium vs PBC: Bifidobacterium, Sellimonas, UBA89, Blautia, Romboutsia, Coprococcus, Lachnoslostridium, Flavonifractor, DTU089, Butyricicoccus vs UC: Bifidobacterium, Blautia, Erysipeloclostridium, Intestinibacter, Phascolarctobacterium
Wei et al., 2020 [95]	91 AIH; 98 HC	Feces	16S, V3–V4	Lactobacillus, Klebsiella, Veillonella	Ruminococcaceae genus (unknown), Rikenellaceae genus (unknown), Oscillospira, Parabacteroides, Coprococcus

AIH, autoimmune hepatitis; HC, healthy controls; PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; UC, ulcerative colitis.