Table 3.
Observed antiviral activity (EC50) against SARS‐CoV‐2 and cytotoxicity (CC50) of the eight compounds identified using the VeroE6‐eGFP cell assay a
| Compound | Class | EC50, µM (min, max) | Repeats | CC50, µM (min, max) | Repeats |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sematilide | Antiarrhythmic | 3.9 (N/A) | 1 | >20 (N/A) | 1 |
| Remdesivir | Nucleotide analogue | 5.4 (1.15, 19.7) | 18 | >100 (>100, >100) | 10 |
| Nelfinavir | Protease inhibitor | 5.7 (3.29, >50) | 18 | 12.9 (10.3, 13.7) | 10 |
| Hydroxychloroquine | Antimalarial | 6.7 (N/A) | 1 | >50 (N/A) | 1 |
| RG‐12915 | 5‐HT3 receptor antagonist | 6.8 (N/A) | 1 | 19.7 (N/A) | 1 |
| Chloroquine | Antimalarial | 7.3 (3.13, >50) | 12 | 35.1 (29.9, 50.3) | 10 |
| Doxorubicin | Anthracycline | 8.4 (5.93, 10.9) | 4 | >20 (N/A) | 1 |
| Itraconazole | Antifungal | >100 (5.13, >100) | 8 | >100 (>100, >100) | 8 |
Abbreviations: 5‐HT3, 5‐hydroxytryptamine; CC50, cytotoxic concentration of the compound that reduced cell viability to 50%; CPE, cytopathic effect; EC50, concentration of the compound that inhibited 50% of the virus‐induced CPE; HCI, high content imaging; N/A, not available; SARS‐CoV‐2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
a
Activity readout of the assay was based on HCI of fluorescent cells; cell toxicity was measured using ATPlite in uninfected cells.