Table 2. Material Parameters.

rock stratum	elastic modulus E (GPa)	Poisson’s ratio v	internal friction angle φ (deg)	compressive strength fc (MPa)	tensile strength ft (MPa)	density ρ (kg/m3)	porosity ϕ	permeability k (m2)
roof	24	0.25	33	32	2	2720	0.28	2.2 × 10–13
fault	2	0.35	26	4	0.5	2000	0.44	4.0 × 10–13
coal seam	2.6	0.33	28	18	1.2	1400	0.35	4.1 × 10–14
floor	15	0.23	28	22	1.5	2650	0.25	3.6 × 10–13
aquifer	8.7	0.28	30	45	3.6	2760	0.42	1.3 × 10–11
filling	0.5	0.40	26	12	1	2000	0.40	4.1 × 10–14