Table 2. Inoculation Effect of Nanoparticle-Tolerant Bacillus mojavensis BZ-13 Strains on Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, Proline, and MDA Content of W. somnifera (L.) Plants Raised in a Soil System Supplemented with Different Concentrations of Ag-NPsa.
| antioxidant
enzymes (μ mol min–1 mg–1 protein) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| treatment | Ag-NPs concentration (mg kg–1) | CAT | SOD | POX | APX | GR | proline content (μg g–1 fw) | MDA content (μ mol g–1 fw) |
| noninoculated | 0 mg kg–1 | 122 ± 13.5 (h) | 76 ± 4.6 (g) | 12 ± 0.3 (g) | 22.3 ± 1.1 (h) | 16 ± 0.7 (h) | 11 ± 0.8 (h) | 3.6 ± 0.08 (f) |
| 50 mg kg–1 | 134 ± 22.4 (g) | 79 ± 5.3 (g) | 17 ± 0.5 (f) | 25.0 ± 2.1 (g) | 20 ± 1.0 (g) | 14 ± 0.8 (f) | 3.9 ± 0.4 (f) | |
| 100 mg kg–1 | 156 ± 11.2 (f) | 86 ± 6.2 (f) | 25 ± 0.8 (e) | 29.3 ± 2.4 (f) | 26 ± 1.4 (f) | 19 ± 1.6 (e) | 4.2 ± 0.6 (e) | |
| 250 mg kg–1 | 176 ± 20.0 (e) | 97 ± 7.1 (e) | 36 ± 1.3 (d) | 34.6 ± 00 (e) | 34 ± 1.8 (e) | 26 ± 1.9 (d) | 6.1 ± 0.6 (c) | |
| 500 mg kg–1 | 214 ± 12.6 (d) | 112 ± 8.2 (d) | 43 ± 2.5 (c) | 42.1 ± 3.0 (c) | 43 ± 2.3 (d) | 34 ± 2.5 (c) | 7.8 ± 0.7 (b) | |
| 750 mg kg–1 | 267 ± 24.0 (c) | 136 ± 9.1 (c) | 51 ± 4.7 (b) | 50.2 ± 3.2 (b) | 56 ± 2.8 (b) | 42 ± 2.7 (b) | 9.2 ± 0.8 (b) | |
| 1000 mg kg–1 | 334 ± 27.8 (a) | 174 ± 12 (a) | 73 ± 6.0 (a) | 57.2 ± 4.6 (a) | 71 ± 4.2 (a) | 56 ± 5.0 (a) | 11.7 ± 1.0 (a) | |
| inoculated with PGPR | 0 mg kg–1 + strain BZ-13 | 107 ± 9.7 (i) | 52 ± 6.7 (i) | 7.3 ± 0.7 (hi) | 12.4 ± 1.6 (j) | 8.8 ± 0.7 (j) | 4.6 ± 0.8 (i) | 1.23 ± 0.2 (i) |
| 50 mg kg–1 + strain BZ-13 | 111 ± 14.7 (i) | 62 ± 5.8 (h) | 10.5 ± 1.5 (h) | 19.2 ± 2.7 (i) | 13.5 ± 1.0 (i) | 9.3 ± 0.8 (h) | 2.1 ± 0.6 (h) | |
| 100 mg kg–1 + strain BZ-13 | 124 ± 10.2 (g) | 65 ± 8.3 (h) | 19.2 ± 2.8 (f) | 23.5 ± 2.9 (g) | 20.2 ± 1.4 (g) | 11.2 ± 1.6 (g) | 2.43 ± 0.09 (g) | |
| 250 mg kg–1 + strain BZ-13 | 146 ± 16.8 (f) | 84 ± 5.8 (f) | 27.3 ± 3.2 (e) | 29.3 ± 3.0 (f) | 27.4 ± 1.8 (f) | 21.2 ± 1.9 (e) | 4.2 ± 0.12 (e) | |
| 500 mg kg–1 + strain BZ-13 | 179 ± 13.7 (e) | 93 ± 9.0 (e) | 38.2 ± 4.0 (d) | 39.2 ± 3.1 (d) | 34.6 ± 2.3 (e) | 26.4 ± 2.5 (d) | 5.3 ± 0.23 (d) | |
| 750 mg kg–1 + strain BZ-13 | 213 ± 37.0 (d) | 114 ± 8.8 (d) | 47.2 ± 4.2 (b) | 45.5 ± 4.3 (c) | 47.9 ± 2.8 (c) | 36.2 ± 2.7 (c) | 8.2 ± 0.45 (b) | |
| 1000 mg kg–1 + strain BZ-13 | 312 ± 28.5 (b) | 145 ± 9.3 (b) | 70.1 ± 5.3 (a) | 54.3 ± 7.2 (a) | 68.2 ± 4.2 (a) | 53.2 ± 5.0 (a) | 10.3 ± 0.76 (a) | |
a
Each value is a mean of five replicates where each replicate constitutes five plants/pot (n = 5). Mean values are significant at p ≤ 0.05. Means followed by different letters are significantly different from each other according to DMRT test.