Table 4.

Crohn’s disease—proportion of patients achieving transmural remission at each assessment.

Transmural remission definition	Treatment	Week 4	Week 8	Week 8 - 12	Weeks 12–16	6 months	9–12 months	14–18 months	2 years	3 years
BWT ≤3 mm	Anti-TNFAZA/6-MP				27%26 30%87		30%26		25%19 26% 5%18
BWT ≤3 mm and CDS 0 to 1	Anti-TNF			21%16 29%17			42%16	50%25
BWT ≤3 small bowel, ≤4 mm colona	Anti-TNF							32%33
BWT <3 mm small bowel, <4 mm large bowel, CDS 0b	Biologics				16%34	25%34	28%34
BWT ≤2 small bowel, ≤3 mm colon, CDS score ≤1c	UST	2%57	6%57		11%57
BWT ≤3 mm, normalisation of CDSd	Anti-TNF						14%59 17%88		20%88	24%88
BWT ≤3 mm, normalisation of CDSe	Anti-TNF ±AZA/6-MP, 5-ASA					32%36
BWT Ileum ≤ 2 mm, sigmoid ≤ 4 mm, rest of colon ≤ 3 mm, normalization of CDS	AZA/MTX ± Anti-TNF, Anti-integrin, systemic CS			32%37
BWT ileum ≤2 mm, sigmoid ≤4 mm, rest of colon ≤3 mm, normaliation of CDS, restored BWS and no I-fat [minus one factor that could not be assessed]	AZA/MTX ± Anti-TNF, Anti-integrin, systemic CS			37%37
BWT ileum ≤2 mm, sigmoid ≤4 mm, rest of colon ≤3 mm, normalisation of CDS [Limberg 1/2], restored BWS and no I-fat	AZA/MTX ± Anti-TNF, Anti-integrin, systemic CS			24%37

5-ASA, mesalazine; anti-TNF, infliximab; adalimumab; AZA/6-MP, azathioprine/mercaptopurine; biologics, infliximab, adalimumab, ustekinumab, vedolizumab; BWS, bowel wall stratification; BWT, bowel wall thickness; CDS, colour Doppler signals; I-fat, inflammatory fat; UST, ustekinumab; CS, corticosteroid.

^aNo length of disease, absence of fistulae, phlegmons, or abscesses.

^bNo length of disease, normal bowel wall stratification, no inflammatory fat, no active inflammation or fistulising disease.

^cNormal bowel wall stratification and absence of inflammatory fat.

^dNormal five-layer bowel wall stratification, no inflammatory fat, no lymph node enlargement or presence of strictures or pre-stenotic dilation.

^eNormal bowel wall stratification, absence of inflammatory fat, abscesses, and fistulae.