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Simulations in a representative (“typical”) individual with chronic opioid use showing the effect of 4 subsequent fentanyl i.v. doses (0.25, 0.35, 0.50, and 0.70 mg/70 kg) on top of a buprenorphine plasma concentration of 0 (placebo), 1, and 5 ng/mL. (A–C) Fentanyl and buprenorphine plasma concentrations (Cp). (D–F) Fentanyl and buprenorphine receptor occupancy. (G–I) Ventilation.
