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. 2022 May 5;23(1):378–392. doi: 10.1080/15384047.2022.2041961

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© 2022 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 1. — CAFs-derived EVs promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC cells.

A. Inverted microscopic images of the morphologies of CAFs and NFs. B. IF detection of the expression of α-SMA and FAP in CAFs and NFs. C. Expression of α-SMA and FAP mRNAs in CAFs and NFs determined by RT-qPCR. D. Expression of α-SMA and FAP proteins in CAFs and NFs determined by Western blot analysis. E. TEM visualization of the morphology of CAFs-derived EVs. F. Size distribution of the CAFs-derived EVs assessed by NTA. G. Expression of EVs-related proteins determined by Western blot analysis. H. Internalization of EVs by SW1990 and PANC-1 cells under a confocal microscope. Blue indicates DAPI staining and rad indicates PKH67-labeled EVs. I. The proliferation of SW1990 and PANC-1 cells after co-culture with CAFs-derived EVs for 48 h measured by CCK-8 assay. J. Migration and invasion of SW1990 and PANC-1 cells after co-culture with CAFs-derived EVs for 48 h measured by Transwell assay. K. Expression of tumor-related proteins MMP-2 and MMP-9 in SW1990 and PANC-1 cells after co-culture with CAFs-derived EVs for 48 h determined by Western blot analysis. L. Expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the supernatant of SW1990 and PANC-1 cells following co-culture with EVs for 48 h measured by ELISA. Experiments were repeated 3 times. ** indicates p < .01, *** indicates p < .001, and **** indicates p < .0001.