Table 1.
Summary descriptive table of study participants, divided according to socioeconomic groups.
| All | Low | Middle | High | p overall | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 162 | N = 61 | N = 54 | N = 47 | ||
| Age, mean (SD) | 58.1 (10.1) | 59.8 (8.80) | 56.0 (10.1) | 58.1 (11.3) | .14 |
| Sex | .41 | ||||
| Female | 41 (25.3%) | 19 (31.1%) | 12 (22.2%) | 10 (21.3%) | |
| Male | 121 (74.7%) | 42 (68.9%) | 42 (77.8%) | 37 (78.7%) | |
| Time after stroke (days) | 52.0 [24.0; 233] | 51.0 [28.0; 233] | 48.0 [29.0; 158] | 57.0 [24.0; 146] | .30 |
| Median [min; max] | |||||
| Type of stroke | .05 | ||||
| Haemorrhagic | 13 (8.1%) | 1 (1.7%) | 7 (13.0%) | 5 (10.6%) | |
| Ischaemic | 148 (91.9%) | 59 (98.3%) | 47 (87.0%) | 42 (89.4%) | |
| Lesion side | .18 | ||||
| Both | 9 (5.6%) | 5 (8.5%) | 2 (3.7%) | 2 (4.3%) | |
| Left | 87 (54.4%) | 25 (42.4%) | 35 (64.8%) | 27 (57.4%) | |
| Right | 64 (40.0%) | 29 (49.2%) | 17 (31.5%) | 18 (38.3%) | |
| Handedness | .73 | ||||
| Left | 9 (6.0%) | 2 (3.5%) | 4 (8.0%) | 3 (6.8%) | |
| Right | 141 (93.4%) | 54 (94.7%) | 46 (92.0%) | 41 (93.2%) | |
| Unknown | 1 (0.7%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Barthel index | 100 [10.0; 100] | 100 [40.0; 100] | 100 [10.0; 100] | 100 [45.0; 100] | .85 |
| Median [min; max] | |||||
| NIHSS | 2.00 [0.00; 12.0] | 2.00 [0.00; 12.0] | 2.00 [0.00; 9.00] | 3.00 [0.00; 11.0] | .18 |
| Median [min; max] | |||||
| Modified Rankin score | .62 | ||||
| 1 | 85 (52.5%) | 33 (54.1%) | 30 (55.6%) | 22 (46.8%) | |
| 2 | 52 (32.1%) | 17 (27.9%) | 16 (29.6%) | 19 (40.4%) | |
| 3 | 23 (14.2%) | 11 (18.0%) | 7 (13.0%) | 5 (10.6%) | |
| 4 | 2 (1.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.9%) | 1 (2.1%) | |
| FM-UL | 58.5 [3.00; 66.0] | 59.0 [4.00; 66.0] | 58.0 [3.00; 66.0] | 57.5 [4.00; 66.0] | .85 |
| Median [min; max] | |||||
| Existing cardiovascular risk factors | |||||
| Nicotine | 86 (53.4%) | 39 (65.0%) | 30 (55.6%) | 17 (36.2%) | .01 |
| Overweight | 73 (45.3%) | 31 (51.7%) | 27 (50.0%) | 15 (31.9%) | .09 |
| Diabetes | 30 (18.6%) | 12 (20.0%) | 6 (11.1%) | 12 (25.5%) | .17 |
| Arterial hypertension | 130 (80.7%) | 48 (80.0%) | 44 (81.5%) | 38 (80.9%) | .98 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 104 (68.9%) | 38 (67.9%) | 39 (75.0%) | 27 (62.8%) | .43 |
| Family history of stroke | 21 (13.2%) | 10 (17.2%) | 7 (13.0%) | 4 (8.5%) | .42 |
| Alcohol | 16 (10.0%) | 6 (10.0%) | 5 (9.4%) | 5 (10.6%) | 1.00 |
| Previous heart attack | 4 (2.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (5.6%) | 1 (2.1%) | .15 |
| Previous stroke | 13 (8.1%) | 5 (8.3%) | 6 (11.1%) | 2 (4.3%) | .45 |
| Previous TIA | 6 (5.0%) | 1 (2.0%) | 2 (4.9%) | 3 (10.0%) | .28 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 12 (10.0%) | 6 (12.2%) | 2 (4.9%) | 4 (13.3%) | .38 |
FM-UL: Fugl-Meyer Upper Limb score; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SD: standard deviation; TIA: transient ischaemic attack.