A The chromatin compaction of different regions of the Oct4 promoter was detected by nuclease accessibility assay. Genomic DNA was purified from MEFs infected with SKO plus Flag, Mkk6 or its mutants. Data were from three independent experiments and were shown as mean ± SD. *p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001. B ChIP-qPCR analysis of the binding of Sox2 and Klf4 to their respective targets in MEFs infected with SKO plus Flag, Mkk6 or its mutants. Data were from three independent experiments and were shown as mean ± SD. *p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001. C Heatmap of pluripotency genes according to RNA-seq in MEFs infected with SKO + Flag, SKO + Mkk6 and SKO + AA. D qPCR analysis of endogenous Oct4, Rex1, Nanog and Sox2 expression levels during reprogramming with SKO plus Flag, Mkk6 or its mutants. Data were from three independent experiments and were shown as mean ± SD. *p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001. E Scheme of Mkk6 loosening heterochromatin and enhancing reprogramming.