Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of ET and ET-plus patients.
| Characteristics | All ET syndrome (n = 221) | ET (n = 117) | ET-plus (n = 104) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, male | 93 (42.1%) | 45 (38.5%) | 48 (46.2%) | 0.248 |
| Family history of tremor | ||||
| Recorded (n = 106) | 56/106 (52.8%) | 30/55 (54.5%) | 26/51 (51.0%) | 0.713 |
| Not recorded (n = 115) | 115 (52.0%) | 62 (53.0%) | 57 (54.5%) | 0.763 |
| Age, years | 67.79 ± 19.03 | 59.55 ± 20.63 | 77.06 ± 11.41 | < 0.001 |
| Age of onset, years | 61.31 ± 18.91 | 53.30 ± 20.61 | 70.33 ± 11.42 | < 0.001 |
| Late onset tremor (≥ 46) | 182 (82.4%) | 81 (69.2%) | 101 (97.1%) | < 0.001 |
| Senile ET (> 65 years) | 124 (56.1%) | 46 (39.3%) | 78 (75.0%) | < 0.001 |
| Disease duration, year | 6.49 ± 4.89 | 6.24 ± 5.65 | 6.77 ± 3.86 | 0.431 |
| Follow-up by neurologist | 167 (75.6%) | 80 (68.4%) | 87 (83.7%) | 0.008 |
| Neurological comorbidities | 60 (27.1%) | 14 (12.0%) | 46 (44.2%) | < 0.001 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 22 (10.0%) | 9 (7.7%) | 13 (12.5%) | 0.233 |
| Cognitive impairment | 13 (5.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 13 (12.5%) | < 0.001a |
| Epilepsy | 4 (1.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (4.0%) | 0.048a |
| Polyneuropathy | 18 (8.1%) | 6 (5.1%) | 12 (11.5%) | 0.082 |
| Restless leg syndrome | 1 (0.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.0%) | 0.471a |
| Psychiatric comorbidities | 34 (15.4%) | 12 (10.3%) | 22 (21.2%) | 0.025 |
| Anxiety disorders | 15 (6.8%) | 8 (6.8%) | 7 (6.7%) | 0.990 |
| Depression | 15 (6.8%) | 4 (3.4%) | 11 (10.6%) | 0.033 |
| Hallucinations | 5 (2.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (4.8%) | 0.022a |
| Cranial tremors | 66 (29.9%) | 23 (19.7%) | 43 (41.3%) | < 0.001 |
| Head tremor | 51 (23.1%) | 18 (15.4%) | 33 (31.7%) | 0.004 |
| Jaw tremor | 11 (5.0%) | 2 (1.7%) | 9 (8.7%) | 0.018 |
| Voice tremor | 19 (8.6%) | 9 (8.3%) | 10 (9.6%) | 0.611 |
| Lower limb tremor | 10 (4.5%) | 5 (4.3%) | 5 (4.8%) | 0.849 |
| Static/minor tremor progression | 200 (90.5%) | 117 (100%) | 83 (79.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Poor response to treatment | 120 (54.3%) | 40 (34.2%) | 80 (76.9%) | < 0.001 |
| Beta-blockers | 192 (86.9%) | 109 (93.2%) | 83 (79.8%) | 0.003 |
| Antiepileptics | 79 (35.7%) | 30 (25.6%) | 49 (47.1%) | 0.001 |
| Levodopa | 21 (9.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 21 (20.2%) | < 0.001a |
ET essential tremor.
Significant values are in [bold].
aBased-on Fisher's exact test.