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. 2022 Apr 27;10:774291. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.774291

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Copyright © 2022 Xu and Tang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cholesterol synthesis pathways. (A) A schematic description showing the sources of cholesterol and the products of cholesterol. (B) A schematic description of effect of Hedgehog signaling on metabolism of cholesterol. Activation of Hh signaling induces the conversion of cholesterol to progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) through up-regulating the expression of steroidogenic enzymes including P450scc, 3β-HSD1 and aromatase. GLI3 is required for Hh-induced P450scc expression, while GLI2 mediates the induction of 3β-HSD1and aromatase. Abbreviations: P450scc, P450 cholesterol side chain cleavage enzyme; 3β-HSD1, 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1; 17β-HSD1, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1; 17β-HSD2, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2; 17β-HSD5, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 5; DHEA, Dehydroepiandrosterone.