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. 2022 May 6;17:733–743. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S354654

Table 2.

Association Between ADL/IADL Disabilities and Depressive Symptoms

Disabilities Total N=522 Depressive Symptoms N=299 P-value
n % n %
ADL Disabilities
 Bathing 0.000
  Yes 90 17.2 79 26.4
  No 432 82.8 220 73.6
 Dressing 0.000
  Yes 35 6.7 30 10.0
  No 487 93.3 269 90.0
 Going to the toilet 0.000
  Yes 41 7.9 35 11.7
  No 481 92.1 264 88.3
 Transferring 0.000
  Yes 40 7.7 34 11.4
  No 482 92.3 265 88.6
 Continence 0.000
  Yes 26 5.0 22 7.4
  No 496 95.0 277 92.6
 Feeding 0.000
  Yes 21 4.0 17 5.7
  No 501 96.0 282 94.3
IADL Disabilities
 Using Phone 0.000
  Yes 143 27.4 111 37.1
  No 379 72.6 188 62.9
 Shopping 0.000
  Yes 158 30.3 113 37.8
  No 364 69.7 186 62.2
 Food Preparation 0.000
  Yes 144 27.6 120 40.1
  No 378 72.4 179 59.9
 Housekeeping 0.000
  Yes 100 19.2 75 25.1
  No 422 80.8 224 74.9
 Laundary 0.002
  Yes 87 16.7 63 21.1
  No 435 83.3 236 78.9
 Use transport 0.000
  Yes 92 17.6 74 24.7
  No 430 82.4 225 75.3
 Taking medicines 0.007
  Yes 114 21.8 78 26.1
  No 408 78.2 221 73.9
 Own money management 0.000
  Yes 138 26.4 106 35.5
  No 384 73.6 193 64.5