Table 3.

Neutralizing antibody titer and protection efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines for emergency use in Phase III clinical trials.

Vaccine	Clinical trial No.	Country	No. of participants	Age	Efficacy (%) (95% CI)	Neutralizing antibodies titer to live SARS-CoV-2	Ref
						Geometric mean ratio (95% CI) (SARS-CoV-2 strain)
BBIBP-CorV	NCT04510207	UAE, Bahrain	40382	≥ 18	78.1 (64.8–86.3)	68.7 (65.5–72.1) [19nCoVCDC-Tan-Strain04 (QD01)]	(83)
Inactivated (Wuhan, Sinopharm)	NCT04510207	UAE, Bahrain	40382	≥ 18	72.8 (58.1–82.4)	41.0 (38.9–43.2) (19nCoVCDC-Tan-Strain04 (QD01))	(83)
CoronaVac	NCT04456595	Brazil	9823	≥ 18	50.7 (36.0–62.0)	64.4 (B.1.128 (SARS-CoV-2/human/(BRA/SP02/2020 strain MT126808.1)	(84)
						46.8 (SARS-CoV-2-P.1 MAN 87201 strain)
						45.8 (SARS-CoV-2-P.2 LMM38019 strain)
CoronaVac	NCT04582344	Turkey	10214	18–59	83.5 (65.4–92.1)	–	(85)
ChAdOx1(AZD1222)	NCT04324606 NCT04400838 NCT04444674 ISRCTN89951424	UK, Brazil, South Africa	11636	≥ 18	62.1 (41.0–75.7)	51 (32–103)*	(86, 87)
Sputnik V	NCT04530396	Russia	21977	≥ 18	91.6 (85.6–95.2)	44.5 (31.8–62.2) (hCoV-19/Russia/Moscow_PMVL-1/2020)	(88)
BBV152	NCT04641481	India	25798	18–98	77.8 (65.2–86.4)	125.6 (111.2-141.8)	(89)
mRNA-1273	NCT04470427	United States	30420	≥ 18	94.1 (89.3–96.8)	654.3(460.1–930.5)*	(90, 91)
BNT162b2	NCT04368728	United States, Argentina, Brazil, South Africa Germany, Turkey	43448	≥ 16	95.0 (90.3–97.6).	363*	(92, 93)
Ad26.COV2.S	NCT04505722	Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, South Africa, United States	39321	≥ 18	66.9 (59.0–73.4)	827 (508–1183)* (Victoria/1/2020 SARSCoV-2 strain)	(94, 95)
NVX-CoV2373	EudraCT number, 2020-004123-16	United Kingdom	14039	18–84	89.7 (80.2–94.6)	3906*	(96, 97)

*Represents that these data were reported in phase I or II clinical trials.