TABLE 1.
General characteristics of COVID-19 patients evaluated at the mild-to-moderate COVID-19 outpatient clinic.
| Variable | Overall (n = 660) | Source of MMCO referral | P-value | ||
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|
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| GP (n = 400) | ED (n = 119) | Hospital specialist (n = 53) | |||
| Age (years) | 56 (46–66) | 56 (49–68.2) | 53 (42–66.5) | 55 (48–63) | 0.080 |
| Female sex | 284 (43) | 171 (42.8) | 45 (37.8) | 25 (47.2) | 0.47 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 26 (23–29) | 25.4 (23.1–28.4) | 27.1 (23–30.2) | 26 (23.3–28) | 0.20 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) | 119 (18) | 66 (16.5) | 33 (27.7) | 7 (13.2) | 0.029 |
| DM | 59 (8.9) | 37 (9.2) | 11 (9.2) | 3 (5.7) | 0.68 |
| Active cancer | 79 (12) | 35 (8.8) | 14 (11.8) | 16 (30.2) | <0.0001 |
| CKD | 13 (2) | 6 (1.5) | 1 (0.8) | 3 (5.7) | 0.066 |
| CRD | 49 (7.4) | 38 (9.5) | 9 (7.6) | 1 (1.9) | 0.16 |
| IHD | 34 (5.2) | 21 (5.2) | 5 (4.2) | 5 (9.4) | 0.36 |
| CVD | 12 (1.8) | 10 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (3.8) | 0.17 |
| HIV infection | 4 (0.6) | 2 (0.5) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 0.77 |
| Coagulopathies | 14 (2.1) | 12 (3) | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0) | 0.42 |
| Immunosuppression or organ transplant | 18 (2.7) | 4 (1) | 1 (0.8) | 7 (13.2) | <0.0001 |
| COVID-19-related history | |||||
| Time from symptom onset to MMCO referral (days) | 10 (7–13) | 9 (7–12) | 12 (9–16) | 10 (6–16) | <0.0001 |
| Home-measured | 96.2 (0.107) | 95.7 (0.128) | 96.1 (0.256) | 97.2 (0.327) | <0.0001 |
| SpO2 (%) | 96 (94–98) | 96 (94–98) | 96 (94–98) | 97 (95.5–99.5) | 0.00011 |
| Fever for ≥ 72 h | 221 (33.5) | 173 (43.2) | 32 (26.9) | 12 (22.6) | 0.0026 |
| Dyspnea | 425 (64.4) | 243 (60.8) | 78 (65.5) | 28 (52.8) | 0.18 |
| Cough | 510 (77.3) | 319 (79.8) | 97 (81.5) | 40 (75.5) | 0.29 |
| Taste disturbance | 168 (25.5) | 90 (22.5) | 29 (24.4) | 17 (32.1) | 0.54 |
| Smell disturbance | 163 (24.7) | 86 (21.5) | 28 (23.5) | 16 (30.2) | 0.58 |
| Pharyngodynia | 121 (18.3) | 66 (16.5) | 23 (19.3) | 9 (17) | 0.62 |
| Myalgias | 313 (47.4) | 187 (46.8) | 55 (46.2) | 28 (52.8) | 0.92 |
| Arthralgias | 269 (40.8) | 166 (41.5) | 44 (37) | 26 (49.1) | 0.81 |
| Asthenia | 435 (65.9) | 274 (68.5) | 75 (63) | 37 (69.8) | 0.35 |
| Diarrhea | 187 (28.3) | 102 (25.5) | 35 (29.4) | 15 (28.3) | 0.47 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 136 (20.6) | 77 (19.2) | 30 (25.2) | 7 (13.2) | 0.055 |
| Headache | 229 (34.7) | 130 (32.5) | 33 (27.7) | 21 (39.6) | 0.84 |
| Syncope | 11 (1.7) | 7 (1.8) | 3 (2.5) | 0 | 0.47 |
MMCO, mild-to-moderate COVID-19 outpatient clinic; GP, general practitioner; ED, emergency department; BMI, body mass index; SpO2, peripheral oxygen saturation; DM, diabetes mellitus; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CRD, chronic respiratory disease; IHD, ischemic heart disease; CVD, cerebrovascular disease; HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus.
Dichotomous variables were expressed as count (percentage) and continuous variables as median (interquartile range). Home-measured SpO2 (%) was expressed as both mean (± standard deviation) and median (interquartile range).