TABLE 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 Positive Patients Seen at a RUSH ED in the Chicago, IL, Area From March 2020 to February 2021
| Patient Characteristics | Total, N (%) | White, n (%) | Black, n (%) | Hispanic, n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 7549 | 1217 (16.1) | 3027 (40.1) | 3305 (43.8) |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 4051 (53.7) | 629 (51.7) | 1770 (58.5) | 1652 (50.0) |
| Male | 3497 (46.3) | 588 (48.3) | 1257 (41.5) | 1652 (50.0) |
| Age (y) | ||||
| 18–35 | 1930 (25.6) | 170 (14.0) | 867 (28.6) | 893 (27.0) |
| 35–50 | 1859 (24.6) | 191 (15.7) | 761 (25.1) | 907 (27.4) |
| 51–65 | 1900 (25.2) | 292 (24.0) | 713 (23.6) | 895 (27.1) |
| 65+ | 1860 (24.6) | 564 (46.3) | 686 (22.7) | 610 (18.5) |
| Insurance type | ||||
| Private | 2673 (35.4) | 484 (39.8) | 982 (32.4) | 1207 (36.5) |
| Medicaid | 1831 (24.3) | 146 (12.0) | 973 (32.1) | 712 (21.5) |
| Medicare | 1802 (23.9) | 512 (42.1) | 764 (25.2) | 526 (15.9) |
| Uninsured* | 1243 (16.5) | 75 ( 6.2) | 308 (10.2) | 860 (26.0) |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Heart disease | 3566 (47.2) | 753 (61.9) | 1565 (51.7) | 1248 (37.8) |
| Hypertension | 3251 (43.1) | 661 (54.3) | 1467 (48.5) | 1123 (34.0) |
| Obesity | 2528 (33.5) | 356 (29.3) | 1243 (41.1) | 929 (28.1) |
| Diabetes | 2031 (26.9) | 299 (24.6) | 771 (25.5) | 961 (29.1) |
| Asthma | 960 (12.7) | 166 (13.6) | 526 (17.4) | 268 (8.1) |
| Kidney disease | 926 (12.3) | 202 (16.6) | 476 (15.7) | 248 (7.5) |
| Neurological conditions | 632 (8.4) | 171 (14.1) | 272 (9.0) | 189 (5.7) |
| COPD | 403 (5.3) | 141 (11.6) | 193 (6.4) | 69 (2.1) |
| Liver disease | 290 (3.8) | 52 (4.3) | 90 (3.0) | 148 (4.5) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 160 (2.1) | 38 (3.1) | 78 (2.6) | 44 (1.3) |
| Count of comorbidities (mean, SD) | 2.0 (2.0) | 2.4 (2.0) | 2.2 (2.1) | 1.7 (1.9) |
| SpO2 (<92) | 74 (1.0) | 27 (2.3) | 25 (0.8) | 19 (0.7) |
| RR (>20) | 2963 (63.6) | 546 (45.6) | 1170 (37.1) | 1220 (38.2) |
| ED visit in last 24 mo | 4900 (64.9) | 799 (65.7) | 1725 (57.0) | 2376 (71.9) |
| PCP visit in last 12 mo | 2211 (29.3) | 342 (28.1) | 965 (28.7) | 904 (24.8) |
| Percentage under poverty level (median, IQR) | 16.4 (8.4–26.7) | 6.8 (4.4–11.8) | 25.0 (12.8–37.3) | 15.4 (9.1–21.3) |
*
Uninsured includes self-pay and HRSA.
The bolded numbers indicate P-value <0.05 from comparison of the Black and Hispanic patient values versus White patient values.
COPD indicates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ED, emergency department; IQR, interquartile range; PCP, primary care physician; RR, respiratory rate; SD, standard deviation; SpO2, peripheral oxygen saturation.