Table 3.
Baseline clinical laboratory characteristics of the enrolled subjects: comparison of laboratory parameters between groups and tests of association.
| Wilcoxon rank-sum | Univariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Mann-Whitney) test | ||||||
| Total | Non-severe | Severe | p-value | OR (95%CI) | p-value | |
| (n) | median (IQR) | median (IQR) | ||||
| Parameters | ||||||
| Leukocyte counts,103/mL | 235 | 6.5 (5.3–8.8) | 10.7 (7.8–13.7) | <0.001 | 1.3 (1.198–1.446) | <0.001 |
| Lymphocyte counts, % | 235 | 22.4 (15.2–31.3) | 7.6 (3.9–11.6) | <0.001 | 0.8 (0.773–0.859) | <0.001 |
| Neutrophil counts, % | 235 | 68.7 (56.7–78.4) | 87 (81.6–91.0) | <0.001 | 1.1 (1.088–1.159) | <0.001 |
| Hematocrit, % | 235 | 43.1 (40–46.1) | 38.7 (35.3–41.9) | <0.001 | 0.8 (0.812–0.916) | <0.001 |
| Platelet counts, 103 /mL | 235 | 248 (211–292) | 221 (166.5–304.5) | 0.030 | 1.0 (0.995–1.000) | 0.099 |
| INR | 61 | 1.3 (1.1–1.4) | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) | 0.207 | 0.1 (0.000–8.914) | 0.265 |
| Alanine transaminase U/L | 164 | 45.6 (29.0–66.5) | 63.3 (38.1–86.8) | 0.005 | 1.0 (1.000–1.015) | 0.030 |
| Aspartate transaminase U/L | 163 | 36.5 (25.4–58.1) | 63.6 (44.2–95.3) | <0.001 | 1.0 (1.016–1.041) | <0.001 |
| Direct bilirubin, mg/dL | 139 | 0.17 (0.12–0.23) | 0.35 (0.2–0.77) | <0.001 | 556.3 (36.277–8530.587) | <0.001 |
| Indirect bilirubin, mg/dL | 139 | 0.19 (0.1–0.28) | 0.21 (0.13–0.48) | 0.112 | 4.3 (0.881–20.615) | 0.072 |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 139 | 0.34 (0.25–0.48) | 0.66 (0.31–1.25) | <0.001 | 7.2 (2.792–18.602) | <0.001 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 114 | 140 (127–301) | 175 (132–242.5) | 0.620 | 1.0 (0.994–1.009) | 0.783 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 108 | 165.9 (137.7–197.4) | 128.4 (109.7–153.6) | <0.001 | 1.0 (0.964–0.990) | 0.001 |
| HDL, mg/dL | 83 | 43.4 (34.3–51.8) | 27.1 (23.7–36.2) | <0.001 | 1.0 (0.999–1.008) | 0.174 |
| LDL, mg/dL | 4 | 175 (n, 1) | 93.83 ± 55.73 (n, 3) | ND | ||
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 107 | 144.7 (103.6–274.6) | 182.0 (137.1–236.4) | 0.386 | 1.0 (0.996–1.002) | 0.570 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 231 | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 1.3 (0.9–2.5) | <0.001 | 2.9 (1.723–5.076) | <0.001 |
| Urea, mg/dL | 229 | 26.3 (21.9–30.7) | 47.1 (31.1–87.9) | <0.001 | 1.0 (1.027–1.065) | <0.001 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase U/L | 81 | 665 (504–788) | 997 (786–1,205) | <0.001 | 1.0 (1.002–1.007) | 0.001 |
| Creatine kinase U/L | 174 | 94.5 (69.5–161.7) | 11.1 (65.6–360.5) | 0.126 | 1.0 (1.000–1.002) | 0.020 |
| Creatine kinase myocardial band U/L | 140 | 19 (15.2–22.2) | 22.9 (18.6–45.7) | <0.001 | 1.0 (1.010–1.065) | 0.006 |
| Alkaline phosphatase, U/L | 7 | 84.1 (n, 1) | 110.1 ± 47.38 (n, 6) | ND | 1.0 (0.930–1.135) | 0.598 |
| Ferritin, ng/mL | 76 | ND | 1,280 (843.5–1,950) | ND | ||
| IL−6, pg/mL | 70 | ND | 117,116 (75,772–228,959) | ND | ||
| C-Reactive protein, mg/L | 139 | 69.1 (38.5–79.3) | 75.7 (67–85) | 0.149 | 1.0 (0.996–1.031) | 0.134 |
| Sodium, mmol/L | 140 | 139.5 (138.1–142.2) | 140.6 (137.3–143.5) | 0.423 | 1.0 (0.942–1.1522) | 0.419 |
| Potassium, mmol/L | 139 | 4.1 (3.9–4.5) | 4.3 (3.9–4.8) | 0.367 | 1.4 (0.687–2.766) | 0.367 |
OR, odds ratio; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; ND, not determined; INR, International normalized ratio; LDL, low-density lipoproteins; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; IL−6, interleukin 6.