TABLE 4.
Serum markers for phospho-calcic status and metabolic regulators in Dry Immersion (DI) and Dry Immersion with Thigh Cuffs (DI-TC) during the 5-day dry immersion and after 48 h- recovery.
| BDC | DI24 h | DI48 h | DI120 h | R + 48 h | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Markers for phospho-calcic metabolism | ||||||
| PTH (ng/L) | DI | 23.4(17.2–46.5) | 28.0(16.0–40.5) | 27.4(14.7–47.1) | 21.2(14.5–33.4)a’,b’ | 23.4(13.0–40.6)b’ |
| DI-TC | 31.1(17.7–43.5) | 31.2(19.0–44.2) | 28.9(18.4–45.8) | 27.5(20.2–35.7) | 28.4(19.1–37.2) | |
| Calcium (mg/L) | DI | 96.0(94.0–102.4) | 100.0(95.6–105.6)a | 101.6(96.0–106.8)a,b’ | 99.6(96.0–105.2)a | 96.4(90.8–100.4)b,c,d |
| DI-TC | 95.6(92.8–100.4) | 96.8(94.4–102.8)a,† | 98.0(94.0–106.0)a,† | 96.4(92.4–100.8)* | 92.8(90.8–98.8)b,c,d | |
| Phosphorus (mg/L) | DI | 38.1(32.6–49.9) | 38.1(32.6–49.3) | 37.8(33.8–48.1) | 37.5(33.5–47.4) | 36.9(32.9–47.4) |
| DI-TC | 38.8(28.2–43.4) | 38.1(30.1–47.1) | 39.4(31.3–44.3) | 37.8(29.5–45.6) | 38.1(31.3–44.6) | |
| Metabolism regulators | ||||||
| Visfatin (ng/ml) | DIn | 0.85(0.22–1,52) | 0.97(0.43–3.64)a’ | 1.20(0.72–6.93) | 1.98(0.66–2.90)a’ | 1.21(0.13–2.62)d’ |
| DI-TC | 0.79 (0.40–2.19) | 1.73(0.42–3.32)a’ | 1.06(0.43–4.58)a’ | 2.11(0.37–3.79)a | 0.77(0.30–2.24)b,c,d | |
| Lipocalin-2 (ng/ml) | DI | 148(102–235) | 148(102–224) | 163(119–205) | 161(115–237) | 161(113–242) |
| DI-TC | 173(113–191) | 152(125–192) | 159(126–193) | 162(124–201) | 164(120–194) | |
| IGF1 (µg/L) | DI | 223(168–301) | 225(189–292) | 239(208–323)a,b | 246(181–318)a | 194(144–275)a,b,c,d |
| DI-TC | 220(141–242) | 232(128–245)a’ | 231(132–252)a’ | 208(114–250)b’,c, * | 172(114–205)a,b,c,d | |
| Irisin (µg/ml) | DI | 6.0(2.7–15.2) | 7.0(4.1–12.7) | 6.0(2.9–15.7) | 6.2(3.2–13.4) | 5.7(2.6–13.5) |
| DI-TC | 5.0(3.0–9.4) | 5.3(3.7–10.2) | 5.3(3.4–9.8) | 4.1(2.9–8.4) | 4.3(2.6–11.3) | |
Measurements were made at baseline (BDC), during dry immersion (DI) and after recovery. Data are expressed as median (interquartile range) for n = 9 per group, except for Visfatin (n: analysis made for n = 8 only for DI group). a,b,c,d: significantly different (p < 0.05) vs. BDC, DI24h, DI48h, and DI120h, respectively ; a’,b’,c’,d’: trend to significance (p < 0.07) vs. BDC, DI24h, DI48h, and DI120h, respectively ; † and *: trend (p < 0.10) and significant difference (p < 0.05) vs. DI group, respectively. PTH: parathyroid hormone; IGF1: insulin growth factor 1.