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. 2022 Jan 3;272(4):693–701. doi: 10.1007/s00406-021-01365-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Effects of ANA-12 on prophylactic effects of (R)-ketamine on cognitive deficits in adult offspring after prenatal poly(I:C) exposure. A: Schedule of treatment and behavioral tests. Saline (5.0 ml/kg/day) or poly(I:C) (5.0 mg/kg/day from E12 to E17) was injected i.p. into pregnant mice. Male offspring was separated from mothers on P21. Saline (10 ml/kg/day, twice a week) or (R)-ketamine (10 mg/kg/day, twice a week) was administered i.p. to male offspring from P28 to P56. Vehicle (10 ml/kg/day) or ANA-12 (0.5 mg/kg/day) was injected i.p. 30 min before injection of saline or (R)-ketamine. Novel object recognition test (NORT) was performed from P70-P80. B: NORT: There was no difference between the five groups in the training session. In the retention test session, the exploratory preference of poly(I:C) + vehicle/saline group was significantly lower than saline + vehicle /(R)-ketamine group. The exploratory preference of poly(I:C) + vehicle/(R)-ketamine group was significantly higher than poly(I:C) + ANA/(R)-ketamine group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared to poly(I:C) + vehicle/saline group. ^#P < 0.05 compared to poly(I:C) + vehicle/(R)-ketamine group. N.S.: not significance. The values were expressed as the mean ± S.E.M. (n = 7–14)