Table 2.
Comparison between BMI groups.
| Characteristics | Underweight (n = 171) |
Normal weight (n = 914) |
Overweight (n = 700) |
Obese Grade I (n = 272) |
Obese Grade II/III (n = 122) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years; mean, SD) | 76.06 ± 16.39 | 69.48 ± 18.51 | 66.10 ± 16.73 | 64.67 ± 16.19 | 62.40 ± 18.78 | <0.0001 |
| Gender, female (n, %) | 98 (57.3) | 438 (47.9) | 356 (50.9) | 176 (64.7) | 90 (73.8) | <0.0001 |
| SAPS3 (mean, SD) | 54.06 ± 11.49 | 48.52 ± 12.68 | 44.63 ± 11.49 | 43.01 ± 11.87 | 44.02 ± 12.39 | <0.0001 |
| CCI (mean, SD) | 2.06 ± 1.90 | 1.75 ± 1.84 | 1.55 ± 1.68 | 1.28 ± 1.63 | 1.24 ± 1.50 | <0.0001 |
| MFI (mean, SD) | 1.94 ± 1.30 | 1.62 ± 1.30 | 1.68 ± 1.21 | 1.67 ± 1.06 | 1.75 ± 1.08 | 0.040 |
| Admission Diagnosis (n, %) | <0.0001 | |||||
| Cardiovascular | 25 (14.6) | 152 (16.6) | 160 (22.9) | 81 (29.8) | 34 (27.9) | |
| Respiratory | 13 (7.6) | 55 (6.0) | 40 (5.7) | 13 (4.8) | 5 (4.1) | |
| Neurological | 22 (12.9) | 171 (18.7) | 115 (16.4) | 41 (15.1) | 11 (9.0) | |
| Infectious | 57 (33.3) | 184 (20.1) | 96 (13.7) | 30 (11.0) | 25 (20.5) | |
| Surgical | 10 (5.8) | 141 (15.4) | 143 (20.4) | 65 (23.9) | 21 (17.2) | |
| Other | 44 (25.7) | 211 (23.1) | 146 (20.9) | 42 (15.4) | 26 (21.3) | |
| Use of VAD (n, %) | 21 (12.3) | 86 (9.4) | 60 (8.6) | 27 (9.9) | 7 (5.7) | 0.375 |
| Use of MV (n, %) | 32 (18.7) | 157 (17.2) | 110 (15.7) | 38 (14.0) | 10 (8.2) | 0.081 |
| Length of stay prior to ICU (days) | 4.95 ± 16.70 | 2.95 ± 14.58 | 1.65 ± 6.28 | 1.22 ± 4.77 | 1.08 ± 3.47 | 0.001 |
| ICU length of stay (days) | 9.77 ± 12.86 | 9.34 ± 15.85 | 6.84 ± 10.74 | 6.79 ± 12.07 | 5.58 ± 5.51 | <0.0001 |
| Congestive Heart Failure (n, %) | 11 (6.4) | 59 (6.5) | 44 (6.3) | 13 (4.8) | 5 (4.1) | 0.257 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease (n, %) | 17 (9.9) | 119 (13.0) | 82 (11.7) | 26 (9.6) | 7 (5.7) | 0.021 |
| Cirrhosis (n, %) | 1 (0.6) | 9 (1.0) | 14 (2.0) | 3 (1.1) | 1 (0.8) | 0.453 |
| Cancer (n, %) | 29 (17.0) | 149 (16.3) | 90 (12.9) | 23 (8.5) | 11 (9.0) | 0.004 |
| Immunodeficiency (n, %) | 2 (1.2) | 17 (1.9) | 4 (0.6) | 3 (1.1) | 1 (0.8) | 0.056 |
| Diabetes Mellitus (n, %) | 61 (35.7) | 315 (34.5) | 277 (39.6) | 108 (39.7) | 56 (45.9) | 0.003 |
| Coronary Artery Disease (n, %) | 12 (7.0) | 86 (9.4) | 106 (15.1) | 23 (8.5) | 14 (11.5) | 0.098 |
| Stroke (n, %) | 41 (24.0) | 157 (17.2) | 96 (13.7) | 35 (12.9) | 11 (9.0) | 0.002 |
| Dementia (n, %) | 29 (17.0) | 60 (6.6) | 25 (3.6) | 7 (2.6) | 4 (3.3) | <0.0001 |
| Performance status (n, %) | <0.0001 | |||||
| Completely independent | 113 (66.1) | 778 (85.1) | 641 (91.6) | 245 (90.1) | 109 (89.3) | |
| Partially independent | 18 (10.5) | 65 (7.1) | 39 (5.6) | 18 (6.6) | 8 (6.6) | |
| Fully dependent | 40 (23.4) | 71 (7.8) | 20 (2.9) | 9 (3.3) | 5 (4.1) | |
| Clinical and Laboratory (mean, SD) | ||||||
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 91.88 ± 21.22 | 97.45 ± 20.80 | 99.73 ± 20.22 | 102.45 ± 20.71 | 101.32 ± 21.53 | <0.0001 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 89.70 ± 21.04 | 86.31 ± 20.83 | 84.46 ± 19.55 | 82.57 ± 19.17 | 87.90 ± 21.52 | 0.001 |
| Respiratory rate (ipm) | 21.21 ± 4.98 | 20.10 ± 4.43 | 20.23 ± 4.34 | 19.83 ± 4.55 | 20.45 ± 4.21 | 0.021 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.40 ± 2.27 | 1.49 ± 2.28 | 1.52 ± 2.63 | 1.26 ± 1.82 | 1.08 ± 1.10 | 0.249 |
| Platelets (x103) | 252.5 ± 136.0 | 239.7 ± 113.7 | 227.3 ± 110.3 | 221.1 ± 76.0 | 259.8 ± 149.3 | 0.001 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 32.34 ± 6.75 | 34.17 ± 7.58 | 35.20 ± 7.38 | 36.75 ± 6.65 | 36.10 ± 5.94 | <0.0001 |
| Na (mEq/L) | 140.2 ± 8.87 | 138.7 ± 7.68 | 139.7 ± 6.25 | 140.0 ± 6.48 | 139.1 ± 5.40 | 0.014 |
| C Reactive Protein (mg/dL) | 96.77 ± 64.73 | 91.38 ± 70.15 | 79.53 ± 70.15 | 72.48 ± 67.35 | 73.09 ± 68.99 | <0.0001 |
| ICU deaths (n, %) | 64 (37.4) | 172 (18.8) | 76 (10.9) | 21 (7.7) | 10 (8.2) | <0.0001 |
Results expressed by number (%), mean ± standard deviation (SD). CCI = Charlson Comorbidity Index, MFI = Modified Frailty Index, ICU = Intensive care unit; VAD = Vasoactive drug; MV = Mechanical ventilation; bpm = beats per minute; incursions per minute.