Table 1.
Function and clinical significance of exosomal circRNAs in tumors.
| Function | Exosomal circRNA | Tumor type | Expression | Mechanisms | Functional or clinical applications | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Regulate cell proliferation | circ-MEMO1 | NSCLC | Upregulated | MiR-101-3p/KRAS | Accelerate proliferation, cell cycle progression, and glycolytic metabolism and inhibit apoptosis | (59) |
| circRASSF2 | LSCC | Upregulated | miR-302b-3p/IGF-1R | Promote proliferation | (60) | |
| circ-MMP1 | Glioma | Upregulated | miR-433/HMGB3 | Promote the proliferation and movement of glioma cells and inhibits apoptosis | (61) | |
| circ-DB | HCC | Upregulated | miR-34a/USP 7/CyclinA 2 | Promote cell growth and inhibits DNA damage | (62) | |
| circ-FBLIM1 | HCC | Upregulated | miR-338/LRP6 | Promote the progression and glycolysis | (63) | |
| circ-0051443 | HCC | Downregulated | MiR-331/BAK1 | Promote cell apoptosis and arrest the cell cycle | (64) | |
| circ_0000199 | OSCC | Upregulated | miR-145-5p/miR-29b-3p | Promote proliferation and inhibits apoptosis | (65) | |
| circ_400068 | RCC | Upregulated | miR-210-5p/SOCS1 | Promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of healthy kidney cells | (66) | |
| circ-G042080 | MM | Upregulated | hsa-miR-4268/TLR4 | Induces autophagic death of cardiomyocytes | (67) | |
| Regulate invasion and metastasis | circIFT80 | CRC | Upregulated | miRNA-1236-3p/HOXB7 | Promote proliferation, migration and invasion | (68) |
| circFMN2 | CRC | Upregulated | miR-1182/hTERT | Promote proliferation and migration | (69) | |
| circ-ABCC1 | CRC | Upregulated | β-catenin/Wnt pathway | Promote cell stemness, sphere formation and metastasis | (70) | |
| circ-PACRGL | CRC | Upregulated | miR-142-3p/miR-506-3p-TGF-β1 | Promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion | (71) | |
| circFNDC3B | CRC | Downregulated | VEGFR | Inhibits angiogenesis and cancer progression | (72) | |
| circFNDC3B | PTC | Upregulated | miR-1178/TLR4 | Promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion | (73) | |
| ciRS-133 | CRC | Upregulated | miR-133a/GEF-H1/RhoA | Promote tumor metastasis | (74) | |
| circANTXR1 | HCC | Upregulated | miR-532-5p/XRCC5 | Promote proliferation and metastasis | (75) | |
| circRNA Cdr1as | HCC | Upregulated | miR-1270/AFP | Enhance proliferation and migration | (76) | |
| circ-100338 | HCC | Upregulated | interact with NOVA2 | Promote angiogenesis and metastasis | (77) | |
| circ-PTGR1 | HCC | Upregulated | miR449a/EMT | Promote migration and invasion | (78) | |
| circ-0072088 | HCC | Upregulated | miR-375/MMP-16 | Promote invasion and Migration | (79) | |
| circ-0004277 | HCC | Upregulated | inhibit ZO-1 | Promote EMT progression | (80) | |
| circ-IARS | PDAC | Upregulated | miR-122/RhoA/ZO-1 | Promote tumor invasion and metastasis | (81) | |
| circ-PDE8A | PDAC | Upregulated | miR-338/MACC1/MET | Promote proliferation and invasion | (82) | |
| circ-PRMT5 | UCB | Upregulated | miR-30c/SNAIL1/E-cadherin | Promote growth and metastasis | (83) | |
| circ-NRIP1 | GC | Upregulated | miR-149-5p/AKT1/mTOR | Promotes tumor metastasis | (84) | |
| circ-RanGAP1 | GC | Upregulated | miR-877-3p/VEGFA | Promote invasion and metastasis | (85) | |
| circSHKBP1 | GC | Upregulated | miR-582-3p/HUR/VEGF | Promote proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis | (86) | |
| circSATB2 | NSCLC | Upregulated | miR-326/FSCN1 | Promotes proliferation, migration and invasion | (87) | |
| FECR1 | SCLC | Upregulated | miR584/ROCK1 | Promote tumor metastasis | (88) | |
| circSETDB1 | LUAD | Upregulated | miR-7/Sp1/E-cadherin | Promote proliferation, migration, invasion | (89) | |
| circPUM1 | ovarian cancer | Upregulated | miR-615-5p/miR-6753-5p/NF-Kb/MMP2 | Promote proliferation, migration and invasion | (90) | |
| circWHSC1 | ovarian cancer | Upregulated | miR-145/miR-1182 | Promote proliferation and metastasis | (91) | |
| circ_0000284 | cholangiocarcinoma | Upregulated | miR-637/LY6E | Enhance migration, invasion and proliferation | (92) | |
| circ_0044516 | PC | Upregulated | miR-29a-3p | Promote proliferation and metastasis | (93) | |
| Regulate treatment resistance | has_circ_0002130 | NSCLC | Upregulated | miR-498/GLUT1/HK2/LDHA | Contribute to Osimertinib-resistant | (94) |
| hsa_circ_0014235 | NSCLC | Upregulated | miR-520a-5p/CDK4 | Promotes cisplatin resistance in cells and malignant growth | (95) | |
| circRNA_102481 | NSCLC | Upregulated | miR-30a-5p/ROR1 | contribute to EGFR-TKIs resistance | (96) | |
| circUHRF1 | HCC | Upregulated | miR-449c-5p/TIM-3 | promote immune escape and PD1 immunotherapy resistance | (97) | |
| circRNA-SORE | HCC | Upregulated | YBS1 | contribute to sorafenib resistance | (98) | |
| circTMEM181 | HCC | Upregulated | miR-488-3p/CD39 | Contributes to immunosuppression and anti-PD1 resistance | (99) | |
| ciRS-122 | CRC | Upregulated | miR-122/PKM2 | Promote glycolysis and Oxaliplatin resistance | (100) | |
| hsa_circ_0000338 | CRC | Upregulated | – | Increase FOLFOX sensitivity | (101) | |
| circ-Foxp1 | Ovarian cancer | Upregulated | miR-22/miR-150-3p | Promotes cell proliferation and cisplatin resistance | (102) | |
| circRNA Cdr1as | Ovarian cancer | Downregulated | miR-1270/SCAI | Inhibit proliferation and promote cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis | (103) | |
| circ-PVT1 | GC | Upregulated | miR-30a-5p/YAP1 | Enhance drug resistance to Cisplatin | (104) | |
| circ_0032821 | GC | Upregulated | miR-515-5p/SOX9 | Enhances resistance to Oxaliplatin | (105) | |
| circNFIX | Glioma | Upregulated | miR-132/ABCG2 | Enhance drug resistance to Temozolomide | (106) | |
| circ-HIPK3 | Glioma | Upregulated | miR-421/ZIC5 | Enhance drug resistance to Temozolomide | (107) | |
| circATP8B4 | Glioma | Upregulated | miR−766 | Promote cell radioresistance | (108) | |
| hsa_circ_103801 | Osteosarcoma | Upregulated | – | Enhance drug resistance to Cisplatin | (109) | |
| circ_UBE2D2 | Breast Cancer | Upregulated | miR-200a-3p | Improves drug resistance of breast cancer to tamoxifen | (110) |
NSCLC, non small cell lung cancer; LSCC, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; MM, multiple myeloma; CRC, colorectal cancer; PTC, papillary thyroid carcinoma; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; UCB, urothelial carcinoma of the bladder; GC, gastric cancer; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; PC, prostate cancer.