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. 2022 May 12;12:7808. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-11748-x

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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PPD-specific IFN-γ ELISpot responses and control of mycobacterial growth in the direct PBMC MGIA are enhanced following BCG vaccination. Samples were

taken from volunteers enrolled into phases 1 and 2 combined. Healthy UK adults were randomised to receive BCG vaccination (n = 27) or to be unvaccinated controls (n = 8). PPD-specific IFN-γ ELISpot responses were measured at baseline and days 7, 14, 21, 28 and 84 in volunteers who received BCG vaccination (a) and those who were unvaccinated controls (b). The direct PBMC MGIA was conducted on cells and serum taken at baseline and days 28 and 84 from volunteers who received BCG vaccination (c) and those who were unvaccinated controls (d). Bars represent the mean values with the standard error of the mean (SEM); dotted lines indicate the baseline mean. For A–B, Wilcoxon tests were performed of each time-point vs. baseline. For C–D, a paired t-test was performed of each time-point vs. baseline. *Indicates a p-value of < 0.05, **indicates a p-values of < 0.005 and ***indicates a p-value of < 0.001. SFC = spot-forming cells.