Table. Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Study Participantsa.
| Characteristic | Treatment | Total (N = 210) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ketamine (n = 129) | Esketamine (n = 81) | |||
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 49.9 (16.4) | 46.7 (17.1) | 48.7 (16.7) | .19 |
| Sexb | ||||
| Male | 46 (35.7) | 38 (46.9) | 84 (40.0) | .11 |
| Female | 83 (64.3) | 43 (53.1) | 126 (60.0) | |
| Racec | ||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.2) | 1 (0.5) | .13 |
| Asian | 3 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (1.4) | |
| Black or African American | 1 (0.8) | 3 (3.7) | 4 (1.9) | |
| White | 123 (95.4) | 76 (93.8) | 199 (94.8) | |
| Ethnicityc | ||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 4 (3.1) | 3 (3.7) | 7 (3.3) | .84 |
| Non-Hispanic | 117 (90.7) | 75 (92.6) | 192 (91.4) | |
| Health insurance | ||||
| Private | 96 (74.4) | 59 (72.8) | 155 (73.8) | .27 |
| Public | 17 (13.2) | 16 (19.8) | 33 (15.7) | |
| No. of acute sessions, mean (SD) | 5.79 (1.49) | 7.47 (1.46) | 6.44 (1.69) | NAd |
| Completed prescribed acute coursee | 109 (84.5) | 69 (85.2) | 178 (84.8) | .89 |
Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.
Data were collected at the Yale Interventional Psychiatry Service (IPS) of the Yale New Haven Health System from September 2016 to April 2021. Values are presented as the number (%) of participants unless indicated otherwise. There was a small amount of missing data for race (3 [1.4%]), ethnicity (11 [5.2%]), and health insurance (22 [10.5%]); including these data in an “unknown” category does not alter the χ2 results, suggesting that these data were missing at random.
Sex is based on categorization documented in the electronic medical records.
Race and ethnicity are based on categorizations documented in the electronic medical records. These data were included because there was a notable difference in race and ethnicity compared with the population served by Yale IPS. Additional studies are needed to identify and address accessibility issues.
For intravenous ketamine, the total number of treatments offered as part of the acute course has changed over the years included in the study, whereas esketamine always consisted of an 8-treatment course. As such, a comparison of the mean number of sessions completed is not appropriate.
Defined as multiple treatments each 7 days apart or less.