Table 1. Overview of Various DNA Capture Probe-Based Nucleic Acid Sensing Methods and Their Applicationsa.
| Capture probe | Target (limit of detection) | Method of signal transduction | Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| ssDNA | DNA (1.38 fM) | Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (optical) | Detection of p53 gene mutation5a |
| DNA molecular beacon | DNA (0.17 nM) | Fluorescence spectroscopy (optical) | Detection of nucleic acid sequences5b |
| Pyrene-excimer labeled DNA | DNA (256 fM) | Hybridization chain reaction-induced fluorescence emission spectroscopy (optical) | Detection of nucleobase mismatches, deletion and insertion mutations in complex biological fluid5c |
| Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) associated ssDNA | DNA (4 nM) | Fluorescence spectroscopy (optical) | Detection of single nucleobase mismatch5d |
| Quantum dot (QD)-linked DNA | DNA (4.8 fM) | Fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based spectroscopy (optical) | Detection of Kras point mutation5e |
| BaGdF5: Yb/Er upconversion nanoparticles conjugated DNA probe | AuNP-linked virus oligonucleotide (300 fM) | Luminescence resonance energy transfer-based spectroscopy (optical) | Ebola virus detection5f |
| ssDNA | HIV-1 DNA (0.24 pg/mL) | Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (optical) | Detection of viral DNA5g |
| DNA hairpin | miRNA (10 fM at 37 °C and 1 aM at 4 °C) | Quadratic isothermal amplification strategy-based fluorescence spectroscopy (optical) | Cancer-specific miRNA detection5h |
| Stem loop DNA | Genomic DNA (10 fM) | Amperometry (electrochemical) | Sequence-specific DNA detection5i |
| Tetrahedral DNA probe | miRNA (1 fM) | Cyclic voltammetry and amperometry (electrochemical) | Detection of cancer related biomarker-miRNA 1415j |
| ssDNA | DNA (1 pM DNA and genomic DNA from 2.7 × 102 CFU/mL bacterial culture) | Quartz crystal microbalance (mechanical) | Pathogenic E. coli detection5k |
| dsDNA scaffold | DNA (1 pM) | Gel electrophoresis (chemical, via hybridization-induced conformational change) | SNP detection5l |
a
The relevant reference is shown in superscript for each application.