Table 1.
The primary characteristics of the 23 articles.
| Study | Year | Treatment | Arm | Phase | Tumor | No. | OS | PFS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICIs | Control | HR | 95%CI | HR | 95%CI | ||||||
| Hodi et al. (12) | 2010 | Ipi+Gp100 | Gp100 | 3 | Melanoma | 403 | 136 | 0.68 | 0.55–0.65 | 0.81 | 0.66–1 |
| Hodi et al. (12) | 2010 | Ipilimumab | Gp100 | 3 | Melanoma | 137 | 136 | 0.66 | 0.51–0.87 | 0.64 | 0.5–0.83 |
| Robert et al. (13) | 2011 | Ipi+ DTIC | Dacarbazine | 3 | Melanoma | 250 | 252 | 0.716 | 0.558–0.872 | NA | NA |
| Reck et al. (25) | 2013 | CP+Con Ipi Chemotherapy |
Chemotherapy | 2 | SCLC | 43 | 55 | 0.947 | 0.585–1.583 | 0.93 | 0.588–1.481 |
| Reck et al. (25) | 2013 | CP+Seq Ipi | Chemotherapy | 2 | SCLC | 42 | 55 | 0.753 | 0.461–1.232 | 0.927 | 0.59–1.45 |
| Kwon et al. (26) | 2014 | Ipilimumab | Placebo | 3 | Prostate | 399 | 400 | 0.83 | 0.71–0.96 | 0.7 | 0.61–0.82 |
| Weber et al. (17) | 2015 | Nivolumab | Chemotherapy | 3 | Melanoma | 272 | 133 | 0.95 | 0.73–1.24 | 1.03 | 0.78–1.36 |
| Brahmer et al. (15) | 2015 | Nivolumab | Docetaxel | 3 | NSCLC | 135 | 137 | 0.59 | 0.43–0.81 | 0.62 | 0.47–0.81 |
| Borghaei et al. (14) | 2015 | Nivolumab | Docetaxel | 3 | NSCLC | 292 | 290 | 0.73 | 0.59–0.89 | 0.92 | 0.77–1.11 |
| Ribas et al. (16) | 2015 | Pembrolizumab | Chemotherapy | 2 | Melanoma | 180 | 179 | 0.87 | 0.67–1.12 | 0.58 | 0.46–0.73 |
| Beer et al. (27) | 2016 | Ipilimumab | Placebo | 3 | Prostate | 400 | 202 | 1.11 | 0.88–1.39 | 0.67 | 0.55–0.8 |
| Reck et al. (28) | 2016 | Ipilimumab | VP16+Plt | 3 | SCLC | 478 | 476 | 0.936 | 0.807–1.085 | 0.85 | 0.75–0.97 |
| Herbst et al. (19) | 2016 | Pembrolizumab 2mg | Chemotherapy | 3 | NSCLC | 344 | 343 | 0.71 | 0.58–0.88 | 0.88 | 0.73–1.04 |
| Herbst et al. (19) | 2016 | Pembrolizumab 10mg | Chemotherapy | 3 | NSCLC | 346 | 343 | 0.61 | 0.49–0.75 | 0.79 | 0.66–0.94 |
| Fehrenbacher et al. (18) | 2016 | Atezolizumab | Docetaxel | 3 | NSCLC | 144 | 133 | 0.69 | 0.52–0.92 | 0.92 | 0.71–1.2 |
| Rittmeyer et al. (21) | 2016 | Atezolizumab | Docetaxel | 3 | NSCLC | 425 | 425 | 0.73 | 0.62–0.81 | 0.95 | 0.82–1.1 |
| Bellmunt et al. (20) | 2017 | Pembrolizumab | Chemotherapy | 3 | Urothelial | 270 | 272 | 0.73 | 0.59–0.91 | 0.98 | 0.81–1.19 |
| Larkin et al. (29) | 2018 | Nivolumab | Chemotherapy | 3 | Melanoma | 272 | 133 | 0.95 | 0.70–1.29 | 1 | 0.78–1.44 |
| Paz-Ares et al. (22) | 2019 | Nivolumab + chemo | Chemotherapy | 3 | NSCLC | 377 | 388 | 0.81 | 0.67–0.97 | 0.62 | 0.52–0.73 |
| Owonikoko et al. (30) | 2019 | Ipilimumab | Placebo | 3 | SCLC | 278 | 278 | 0.84 | 0.69–1.02 | 0.67 | 0.56–0.81 |
| Rudin et al. (24) | 2020 | Pembrolizumab + etoposide | Placebo+ etoposide | 3 | SCLC | 228 | 225 | 0.8 | 0.64–0.98 | 0.75 | 0.61–0.91 |
| Galsky et al. (23) | 2020 | Atezolizumab + chemotherapy | Placebo+ chemotherapy | 3 | Urothelial | 451 | 400 | 0.8 | 0.70–0.96 | 0.83 | 0.69–1.0 |
| Spigel et al. (31) | 2021 | Nivolumab | Chemotherapy | 3 | SCLC | 284 | 285 | 0.86 | 0.72–1.04 | 1.41 | 1.18–1.69 |
As shown in Table 1, a total of 12,126 participants (6,450 cases and 5,676 controls) from 20 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The name of the first author, the publication year, the tumor type of the study, the phase of the RCTs, the name of the ICIs (ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, or atezolizumab) in the experimental groups and non-ICI therapies in the control groups, the number of patients in the ICIs and control groups, and the HR of OS and PFS.