Fig. 1.

Estrogen-dependent signalling and targets of small-molecular inhibitors. Summary of normal estrogen-dependent signalling pathways and the method of pathway disruption with small molecule inhibitors. E2, estrogen. And., androgens. EGF(R), epithelial growth factor (receptor). IGF(R), insulin-like growth factor (receptor). ERα, estrogen receptor alpha. ERE, estrogen response elements. P., phosphorylation. MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase. AKT, protein kinase B. Tam., tamoxifen. PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase. mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin. PI3Kα, phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha. SERD, selective estrogen receptor degraders. Created with BioRender.com.